基础物理学

书籍目录

1  Measurement

1-1  What Is Physics?

1-2  Measuring Things

1-3  The International System of Units

1-4  Changing Units

1-5  Length

1-6  Time

1-7  Mass

Problems

2  Motion

2-1  What Is Physics?

2-2  Vectors and Scalars

2-3  Multiplying Vectors

2-4  Motion

2-5  Position and Displacement

2-6  Average Velocity and Instantaneous Velocity

2-7  Acceleration

2-8  Constant Acceleration: A Special Case

2-9  Graphical Integration in Motion Analysis

2-10  Projectile Motion

2-11  Projectile Motion Analyzed

2-12  Uniform Circular Motion

2-13  Relative Motion

Questions

Problems

3  Force

3-1  What Is Physics?

3-2  Newtonian Mechanics

3-3  Newton's First Law

3-4  Force

3-5  Mass

3-6  Newton's Second Law

3-7  Newton's Third Law

3-8  Applying Newton's Laws

3-9  Some Particular Forces

3-10  Friction

3-11  The Drag Force and Terminal Speed

3-12  Uniform circular Motion

Questions

Problems

4  Energy and Work

4-1  What Is Physics?

4-2  What Is Energy?

4-3  Kinetic Energy

4-4  Work

4-5  Work and Kinetic Energy

4-6  Work Done by the Force

4-7  Power

4-8  Work and Potential Energy

4-9  Path Independence of Conservative Forces

4-10  Determining Potential Energy Values

4-11  Conservation of Mechanical Energy

4-12  Work Done on a System by an External Force

4-13  Conservation of Energy

Questions

Problems

5  Center of Mass and Linear Momentum

5-1  What Is Physics?

5-2  The Center of Mass

5-3  Newton's Second Law for a System of Particles

5-4  Linear Momenttma

5-5  The Linear Momentum of a System of Particles

5-6  Collision and Impulse

5-7  Conservation of Linear Momentum

5-8  Momentum and Kinetic Energy in Collisions

5-9  Inelastic Collisions in One Dimension

5-10  Elastic Collisions in One Dimension

5-11  Collisions in Two Dimensions

5-12  Systems with Varying Mass:

A Rocket

Questions

Problems

6  Rotation and Angular Momentum

6-1  What Is Physics?

6-2  Equilibrium

6-3  The Rotational Variables

6-4  Are Angular Quantities Vectors?

6-5  Relating the Linear and Angular Variables

6-6  Kinetic Energy of Rotation

6-7  Calculating the Rotational Inertia

6-8  Newton's Second Law for Rotation

6-9  Work and Rotational Kinetic Energy

6-10  Rolling as Translation and Rotation Combined

6-11  The Kinetic Energy of Rolling

6-12  The Forces of Rolling

6-13  Torque Revisited

6-14  Angular Momentum

6-15  Newton's Second Law in Angular orm

6-16  The Angular Momentum of a System of Particles

6-17  The Angular Momentum of a Rigid Body Rotating About a Fixed Axis

6-18  Precession of a Gyroscope

Questions

Problems

7  Gravitation

7-1  What Is Physics?

7-2  Newton's Law of Gravitation

7-3  Gravitation and the Principle of Superposition

7-4  Gravitation Near Earth's Surface

7-5  Gravitation Inside Earth

7-6  Gravitational Potential Energy

7-7  Planets and Satellites: Kepler's Laws

7-8  Satellites: Orbits and Energy

7-9  Einstein and Gravitation

Questions

Problems

8  Oscillations

8-1  What Is Physics?

8-2  Simple Harmonic Motion

8-3  The Force Law for Simple Harmonic Motion

8-4  Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion

8-5  An Angular Simple Harmonic Oscillator

8-6  Pendulums

8-7  Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion

8-8  Damped Simple Harmonic Motion

8-9  Forced Oscillations and Resonance

Questions

Problems

9  Waves

9-1  What Is Physics?

9-2  Types of Waves

9-3  Transverse and Longitudinal Waves

9-4  Wavelength and Frequency

9-5  The Speed of Wave

9-6  Energy and Power of a Wave Traveling Along a String

9-7  The Wave Equation

9-8  Standing Waves

9-9  Sound Waves

9-10  Traveling Sound Waves

9-11  Interference

9-12  Intensity and Sound Level

9-13  Sources of Musical Sound

9-14  Beats

9-15  The Doppler Effect

9-16  Supersonic Speeds, Shock Waves

Questions

Problems

10  The Kinetic Theory of Gases

10-1  What Is Physics?

10-2  Avogadro's Number

10-3  Ideal Gases

10-4  Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed

10-5  Translational Kinetic Energy

10-6  Mean Free Path

10-7  The Distribution of Molecular Speeds

10-8  The Molar Specific Heats of an Ideal Gas

10-9  Degrees of Freedom and Molar Specific Heats

10-10  A Hint of Quantum Theory

10-11  The Adiabatic Expansion of an Ideal Gas

Questions

Problems

11  The Law of Thermodynamics

11-1  What Is Physics?

11-2  Temperature

11-3 The Zeroth Law of Themodynamics

11-4  Measuring Temperature

11-5  Thermal Expansion

11-6  The Absorption of Heat by Solids and Liquids

11-7  A Closer Look at Heat and Work

11-8  The First Law of Thermodynamics

11-9  Heat Transfer Mechanisms

11-10  Irreversible Processes and Entropy

11-11  Change in Entropy

11-12  The Second Law of Thermodynamics

11-13  Entropy in the Real World

11-14  A Statistical View of Entropy

Questions

Problems

12  Electricity

12-1  What Is Physics?

12-2  Electric Charge

12-3  Electric Field

12-4  A Point Charge in an Electric

Field

12-5  A Dipole in an Electric Field

12-6  Electric Potential

12-7  Calculating the Potential from the Field

12-8  Electric Potential Energy

12-9  Potential of a Charged Isolated Conductor

Questions

Problems

13  Gauss'Law

13-1  What Is Physics?

13-2  Flux

13-3  Flux of an Electric Field

13-4  Gauss' Law

13-5  Gauss' Law and Coulomb's Law

13-6  A Charged Isolated Conductor

13-7  Applying Gauss' Law: Cylindrical Symmetry

13-8  Applying Gauss' Law: Planar Symmetry

13-9  Applying Gauss' Law: Spherical Symmetry

Questions

Problems

14  DC Circuits

14-1  What Is Physics?

14-2  Capacitance

14-3  Capacitors in Parallel and in Series

14-4  Energy Stored in an Electric Field

14-5  Capacitor with a Dielectric

14-6  Electric Current

14-7  Resistance and Resistivity

14-8  Power in Electric Circuits

14-9  "Pumping" Charges

14-10  Calculating the Current in a Single-Loop Circuit

14-11  Multiloop Circuits

14-12  RC Circuits

Questions

Problems

15  Magnetic Fields

15-1  What Is Physics?

15-2  What Produces a Magnetic Field?

15-3  The Definition orB

15-4  Crossed Fields: Discovery of the Electron

15-5  Crossed Fields: The Hall Effect

15-6  A Circulating Charged Particle

15-7  Cyclotrons and Synchrotrons

15-8  Magnetic Force on a Current- Carrying Wire

15-9  Torque on a Current Loop

15-10  The Magnetic Dipole Moment

Questions

Problems

16  Magnetic Fields Due to Currents

16-1  What Is Physics?

16-2  Calculating the Magnetic Field Due to a Current

16-3  Force Between Two Parallel Currents

16-4  Ampere's Law

16-5  Solenoids and Toroids Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

16-6  A Current-Carrying Coil as a Magnetic Dipole

Questions

Problems

17  Induction and Inductance

17-1  What Is Physics?

17-2  Two Experiments

17-3  Faraday's Law of Induction

17-4  Lenz's Law

17-5  Induction and Energy Transfers

17-6  Induced Electric Fields

17-7  Inductors and Inductance

17-8  Self-Induction

17-9  RL Circuits",

17-10  Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field

17-11  Energy Density of a Magnetic Field

17-12  Mutual Induction

Questions

Problems

18  Electromagnetic Oscillations and Alternating Current

18-1  What Is Physics?

18-2  LC Oscillations, Qualitatively

18-3  The Electrical-Mechanical Analogy

18-4  LC Oscillations, Quantitatively

18-5  Damped Oscillations in an RLC Circuit

18-6 Alter'hating Current

18-7  Forced Oscillations

18-8 Three Simple Circuits

18-9 The Series RLC Circuit

18-10  Power in Alternating-Current Circuits

18-11  Transformers

Questions

Problems

19  MaxweH's Equations; Magnetism of Matter

19-1  What Is Physics?

19-2  Gauss' Law for Magnetic Fields

19-3  Induced Magnetic Fields

19-4  Displacement Current

19-5  Maxwell's Equations

19-6 Magnets

19-7  Magnetism and Electrons

19-8  Magnetic Materials

19-9  Diamagnetism

19-10  Paramagnetism

19-11  Ferromagnetism

Questions

Problems

20  Electromagnetic Waves

20-1  What Is Physics?

20-2  Maxwell's Rainbow

20-3  The Traveling Electromagnetic Wave, Qualitatively

20-4  The Traveling Electromagnetic  Wave, Quantitatively

20-5  Energy Transport and the Poynting Vector

20-6  Radiation Pressure

20-7  Polarization

20-8  Reflection and Refraction

20-9  Total Internal Reflection

20-10  Polarization by Reflection

Questions

Problems

21  Optics

21-1  What Is Physics?

21-2  Images

21-3  Thin Lenses

21-4  Optical Instruments

21-5  Light as a Wave

21-6  Diffraction

21-7  Diffraction by a Circular Aperture

21-8  Diffraction by a Double Slit

21-9  Diffraction Gratings

21-10 X-Ray Diffraction

21-11  Interference

21-12  Interference from Thin Films

21-13  Michelson's Interferometer

Questions

Problems

22  Relativity

22-1  What Is Physics?

22-2  The Postulates

22-3  Measuring an Event

22-4  The Relativity of Simultaneity

22-5  The Relativity of Time

22-6  The Relativity of Length

22-7  The Lorentz Transformation

22-8  Some Consequences of the Lorentz Equations

22-9  The Relativity of Velocities

22-10  Doppler Effect for Light

22-11  A New Look at Momentum

22-12  A New Look at Energy

Questions

Problems

23 Quantum Physics

23-1  What Is Physics?

23-2  The Photon, the Quantum of Light

23-3  Electrons and Matter Waves

23-4  Schrrdinger's Equation and Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle

23-5  Energies of a Trapped Electron One-Dimensional Traps

23-6  The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen tom

23-7  Some Properties of Atoms

23-8  Angular Momenta and Magnetic Dipole Moments

23-9  The Stern-Gerlach Experiment

23-10  Magnetic Resonance

23-11  The Pauli Exclusion Principle

23-12  Building the Periodic Table

23-13  X Rays and the Ordering of the Elements

23-14  Lasers and Laser Light

Questions

Problems

24  Conduction of Electricity in Solids

24-1  What Is Physics?

24-2  The Electrical Properties of Solids

24-3  Insulators

24-4  Metals

24-5  Semiconductors

24-6  The p-n Junction

24-7  The Junction Rectifier

24-8 The Light-Emitting Diode (LED)

24-9  The Transistor

Questions

Problems

Appendices

A  The International System of Units (SI)

B  Some Fundamental Constants of Physics

C  Some Astronomical Data

D  Conversion Factors

E  Mathematical Formulas

F  Properties of the Elements

G  Periodic Table of the Elements

Answers

编辑推荐

《理科类系列教材·基础物理学(第7版)(改编版)》由高等教育出版社出版。

作者简介

《理科类系列教材·基础物理学(第7版)(改编版)》主要内容：Fundarnentals of Physics是一本有启发性的教科书。它帮助物理专业以及相关领域的学生掌握牢固的物理知识，深刻了解重要的概念，熟悉理论推导的基本技术，熟练运用数值计算。教师可以和学生一样从《理科类系列教材·基础物理学(第7版)(改编版)》中受益。我们采用它作为在南开大学进行普通物理双语教学的主要教科书已有若干年了，我们对它的高质量以及对自然的深刻认识是十分欣赏的。

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