缅彝语音韵学

内容概要

李永燧，中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所研究员。

书籍目录

目　　录



序…………………………………………………………………………………………………1

第一章　绪　论…………………………………………………………………………………1

一　人文背景………………………………………………………………………………1

（一）古西羌人与羌缅语群体………………………………………………………1

（二）南迁的古西羌人与缅彝语言群体……………………………………………3

（三）黑白族系与亲缘语言…………………………………………………………5

（四）缅彝语诸语言的分布…………………………………………………………11

二　缅彝语的谱系地位……………………………………………………………………13

（一）关于缅彝语研究………………………………………………………………13

（二）关于语言分类法………………………………………………………………16

（三）关于缅彝语支语言的外延：几种语言的支属问题…………………………20

（四）谱系表…………………………………………………………………………41

第二章　语音概述………………………………………………………………………………45

一　缅彝语：一种声调祖语………………………………………………………………45

二　关于声调………………………………………………………………………………46

三　关于声母………………………………………………………………………………48

四　关于韵母………………………………………………………………………………49

五　关于音节………………………………………………………………………………50

第三章　声　调…………………………………………………………………………………52

一　声调系统举例…………………………………………………………………………53

二　声调比较………………………………………………………………………………66

（一）声调对应关系…………………………………………………………………66

（二）声调比较与调类归字…………………………………………………………68

三　声调问题讨论…………………………………………………………………………282

（一）关于缅彝语声调的起源………………………………………………………282

（二）缅彝语声调的发展变化………………………………………………………290

（三）关于缅彝语声调的特点………………………………………………………303

第四章　声　母…………………………………………………………………………………307

一　声母系统举例…………………………………………………………………………307

二　关于缅彝语古声母的拟测—古声母系统……………………………………………321

三　声母比较与声类归字…………………………………………………………………324

四　声母问题讨论…………………………………………………………………………538

（一）缅彝语古声母全清、次清、全浊、次浊四分………………………………538

（二）关于复辅音声母………………………………………………………………558

（三）关于古前缀音与声母…………………………………………………………574

第五章　韵　母…………………………………………………………………………………581

一　韵母系统举例…………………………………………………………………………581

二　关于缅彝语韵母古音的拟测…………………………………………………………589

（一）基本元音………………………………………………………………………589

（二）古韵尾与韵类…………………………………………………………………592

（三）古入声韵母元音的长短………………………………………………………593

（四）关于古合口韵…………………………………………………………………593

（五）关于以i开头的韵母 …………………………………………………………594

（六）缅彝语古韵母系统……………………………………………………………594

三　缅彝语言韵母比较与韵类归字………………………………………………………595

四　韵母问题讨论…………………………………………………………………………813

（一）缅彝语古韵母三分或二分……………………………………………………813

（二）阳声韵和入声韵的变化：韵尾辅音的转移…………………………………813

（三）阴声韵和入声韵的变化：标记性元音的产生………………………………816

（四）合口韵和开口韵对立的消失与韵母元音的变异……………………………819

（五）缅彝语言单元音韵母的发展…………………………………………………824

第六章　缅彝语古音构拟字汇…………………………………………………………………828

主要参考书目……………………………………………………………………………………887

李永遂著作目录…………………………………………………………………………………890

后　记……………………………………………………………………………………………895



Contents



Foreword .................................................................／1

Chapter One:Introduction .................................................／1

1.1　Cultural Background .............................................／1

1.1.1　Archaic Western Qiang and Qiang-Burman Group ..............／1

1.1.2　Southward Migration of Archaic Western Qiang and Burmo-Yi .／3

1.1.3　Black-white Clans and Related Languages ...................／5

1.1.4　Distribution of Burmo-Yi Language .........................／11

1.2　The Pedigree Position of Burmo-Yi ...............................／13

1.2.1　About Studies of Burmo-Yi Language ........................／13

1.2.2　Language Classification ...................................／16

1.2.3　Extension of Burmo-Yi and the Pedigree of some Languages ..／20

1.2.4　Pedigree Diagram ..........................................／41

Chapter Two: Introduction to Phonetics ...................................／45

2.1　Burmo-Yi: A Tone Proto-language .................................／45

2.2　Tone ............................................................／46

2.3　Initial .........................................................／48

2.4　Final ...........................................................／49

2.5　Syllable ........................................................／50

Chapter Three: Tone ......................................................／52

3.1　Examples for Tone System ........................................／53

3.2　Comparison of Tones .............................................／66

3.2.1　Correspondence of Tones ...................................／66

3.2.2　Comparison of Tones and Distribution of Characters in Tones／68

3.3　Discussion on Tones .............................................／282

3.3.1　The Origin of Tones in Burmo-Yi Language ..................／282

3.3.2　Tone Development in Burmo-Yi Language .....................／290

3.3.3　The Characteristics of the Tone of Burmo-Yi Language ......／303

Chapter Four: Initials ...................................................／307

4.1　Examples of Initial System ......................................／307

4.2　Reconstruction of Archaic Initials of Burmo-Yi

Language-Archaic Initial System ................................／321

4.3　Comparison of Initials and Distribution of Characters

in Initials ....................................................／324

4.4　Discussion of Initials ..........................................／538

4.4.1　Four Classifications of Archaic Voiceless, Aspirate,

Voiced, Semi-voiced in Burnese-Yi ........................／538

4.4.2　Archaic Complex Consonant Initials ........................／558

4.4.3　Archaic Prefix and Initials ...............................／574

Chapter Five: Finals .....................................................／581

5.1　Examples of Final System ........................................／581

5.2　Reconstruction of Archaic Finals of Burmo-Yi ....................／589

5.2.1　Basic Vowels ..............................................／589

5.2.2　Archaic syllable-final and Final Classification ...........／592

5.2.3　Long／Short Syllable in Archaic Rusheng ...................／593

5.2.4　Archaic Mouth-closed Final ................................／593

5.2.5　The Final with Media i ....................................／594

5.2.6　Archaic Final System ......................................／594

5.3　Comparison of Finals and Distribution of Characters in Finals ...／595

5.4　Discussion on Finals ............................................／813

5.4.1　Two or Three classifications of Archaic Finals of Burmo-Yi ／813

5.4.2　Transference of Final Consonant: the Change

of Yangsheng Final and Rusheng Final (Ⅰ) ................／813

5.4.3　Marked Monophthongs: the Change of Yangsheng

Final and Rusheng Final (Ⅱ) .............................／816

5.4.4　Disappearance of Mouth-closed Final and Mouth-

opened Final, the Variation of Final Vowels ..............／819

5.4.5　Development of Monophthongs in Burmo-Yi  Language .........／824

Chapter Six: Reconstructive Character List of Burmo- Yi ..................／828

Bibliography .............................................................／887

Monographs of the Author .................................................／890

Postscript ...............................................................／895

作者简介

《缅彝语音韵学》讨论的是我国古西羌南迁居民及其后裔的语言。作者认为古西羌南迁居民及其后裔的语言是从原始藏缅语分出的一个支派，经过羌戎语和羌缅语两个历史阶段，分出了缅彝语这一声调祖语。调类特征体现了缅彝语诸语言的亲缘关系，可以此与非本语支语言划界，具有语言谱系分类学上的意义。《缅彝语音韵学》构拟了古有110个声类、71个韵类，《缅彝语音韵学》构拟的古音字汇含1500多个单字（包括同义字），为建构缅彝语声类、韵类和调类提供了一个新的方案。

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