美国医师执照考试

章节摘录

版权页：   插图：   MALIGNANT NEPHROSCLEROSIS 1. General Features. Malignant nephrosclerosis is caused by malignant hypertension (i.e., > 125 mm Hg diastolic pressure, retinal blood vessel changes, papilledema, and renal functional impairment) whereby the endothelium is damaged, leading to thrombosis (a type of thrombotic microangiopathy). 2. Pathologic Findings. Pathologic findings include: the following: size of kidney varies from small to enlarged; cut surface of kidney has a red/yellow mottled appearance with small cortical infarcts; kidney exhibits a microscopic background similar to benign nephrosclerosis; glomeruli show fibrinoid necrosis and consolidation; large arteries show edematous tunica intima expansion; afferent and efferent arterioles show fibrinoid necrosis; and vascular thrombosis ispresent. 3. Clinical Findings. Clinical findings include: headache, dizziness, visual disturbances, hematuria, and proteinuria; it occurs more frequently in men, and aggressive antihypertensive medication controls this disease very well.G. PYELONEPHRITIS ("PYELO" = RENAL PELVIS). Pyelonephritis is a type of infectious tubulointerstitial nephritis caused by bacterial infection with involvement of the renal parenchyma, calyces, and pelvis. The various types of pyelonephritis are indicated here. 1. Acute Pyelonephritis (APY) a. General Features. APY is caused by bacterial infection either by the ascending route or hematogenous route. APY is a clinical syndrome. APY is characterized by an acute suppurative (purulent; pusforming) inflammation of the kidney.

内容概要

作者：（美国）杜德克（Ronald W.Dudek）

书籍目录

Preface Sucleus Ⅰ. Nuclear Envelope Ⅱ. Apoptosis Ⅲ. Nucleolus Ⅳ. Chromatin Ⅴ. Chromosomes Ⅵ. Types of DNA Damage and DNA Repair Ⅶ. Clinical Importance of DNA Repair Ⅷ. Cell Cycle Ⅸ. Proto-Oncogenes and Oncogenes Ⅹ. Tumor Suppressor Genes Ⅺ. Oncofetal Antigens and Tumor Markers Ⅻ. Transcription in Protein Synthesis ⅩⅢ. Processing the RNA Transcript into mRNA ⅩⅣ. Selected Photomicrographs Cytoplasm and 0rganeiles Ⅰ. Cytoplasm Ⅱ. Ribosomes Ⅲ. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (rER) Ⅳ. Translation Ⅴ. Golgi Complex Ⅵ. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (sER) Ⅶ. Mitochondria Ⅷ. Lysosomes Ⅸ. Peroxisomes Ⅹ. Cytoskeleton Ⅺ. Lipofuscin Ⅻ. Hemosiderin ⅩⅢ. Glycogen ⅩⅣ. Selected Photomicrographs The Cell Membrane: Eicosan0ids and Receptors/Signal Transduction Ⅰ. The Lipid Component of the Cell Membrane Ⅱ. The Protein Component of the Cell Membrane Ⅲ. Membrane Transport Proteins Ⅳ. G Protein-linked Receptors Ⅴ. Types of G Protein-linked Receptors Ⅵ. Enzyme-linked Receptors Ⅶ. Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) Receptor Epithelium Ⅰ. Introduction Ⅱ. Classification of Epithelium Ⅲ. Apical Region Ⅳ. Lateral Region Ⅴ. Basal Region Ⅵ. Clinical Considerations Ⅶ. Selected Photomicrographs Connective Tissue Ⅰ. Introduction Ⅱ. Ground Substance Ⅲ. Fibers Ⅳ. Cells Ⅴ. Clinical Considerations Ⅵ. Selected Photomicrographs Cartilage Ⅰ. Introduction Ⅱ. Ground Substance Ⅲ. Fibers Ⅳ. Cells Ⅴ. Blood Vessels and Nerves Ⅵ. Chondrogenesis Ⅶ. Hormonal Influence Ⅷ. Repair Bone Ⅰ. Introduction Ⅱ. Ground Substance Ⅲ. Fibers Ⅳ. Ceils Ⅴ. Blood Vessels and Nerves Ⅵ. Osteogenesis Ⅶ. Bone Repair Ⅷ. Hormonal Influence Ⅸ. Cartilage and Bone Comparison Ⅹ. Clinical Considerations of Bone Ⅺ. Clinical Considerations of Joints Ⅻ. Selected Photomicrographs …… Muscle Nervous Tissue Heart and Blood Vessels Blood Thymus Lymph Node Spleen Esophagus and Stomach Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine (Colon) Liver and Gallbladder Exocrine Pancreas and Islets of Langerhans Respiratory System Urinary System Hypophysis Thyroid Parathyroid Adrenal Female Reproductive System Male Reproductive System Skin Eye Ear

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《美国医师执照考试:High-Yield组织病理学(第2版)》是参加美国医师执照考试的必备辅导用书，也可作为我国医学院校从事双语教学的教材和参考用书，对教师进行英语授课，学生学习、参加考试具有重要的参考价值。

作者简介

《美国医师执照考试:High-Yield组织病理学(第2版)》具有以下特色：1.内容高度概括，重点突出，有利于读者快速掌握学科的核心知识。2.编排新颖，既有基础知识要点的介绍，又有以疾病为核心的综合归纳，并体现了相关学科的横向联系。3.语言规范、地道，既有利于读者快速掌握专业词汇，又有利于医学英语思维的培养。

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