高等统计物理

前言

　　统计物理架起人们由宏观世界研究微观世界的桥梁。凡出现B0ltzmann常数的理论就涉及统计物理。它是假设最少，结论众多的一门学科。至今还没有任何证据，确认某些错误必须由统计物理本身负责。这反映出该学科自然的关。　　它已成为现代理论物理的一个重要部分。同时它又渗透到物理学的众多领域，因此自然成为物理系的多个专业的研究生基础课程。　　统计物理是研究体系的热运动规律的学科。它有自己的特殊规律，不能从力学推导出来。但必须以力学为其基础之一。基于经典力学的，称经典统计，基于量子力学的，称量子统计。通常大学生基础课程中的统计物理以研究经典统计为主，而研究生的高等统计，则以量子统计为主。　　本书的第一章是统计物理基本原理。第二章作为这些基本原理的简单应用，解决几个典型的统计物理问题：量子理想气体。第三章和第四章分别致力于多粒子体系和场的二次量子化。第五章研究玻色一爱因斯坦凝结。第六章研究一批量子统计中的反问题，它们的陈氏（或Mobius-Chen）严格解公式，戴氏严格解公式及其渐近行为控制理论和反演理论的具体实现，特别是由高温超导体的实际比热数据，直接反演出声子谱。第七章是Fermi和B0se的二次型哈密顿量的统一的对角化定理。

内容概要

戴显熹：1938年5月生于温州。1961年7月毕业于复旦大学物理系。1985年起任复旦大学物理系教授，1986年起任博士生导师。长期从事量产统计和理论物理方法研究，发表学术论文100多篇。



    自1978年以来，从事研究生的量子统计与高等统计课程教学，以及本科生的电动力学、量子力学、数理方法、超导物理、理论物理方法等课程的教学。曾获得杨振宁教授授予的Glorious Sun奖金，曾以物理学中奇性问题研究获教育部授予的科学进步奖(二等)等。1980年来应邀访问过美国的休斯顿大学、纽约州立大学理论物理(杨振宁)研究所、德克萨斯超导中心、杨伯翰大学等，曾任杨伯翰大学客座教授。在量子统计、物理学中奇性问题、一些逆问题的严格解及其统一理论和渐近行为控制理论等方面作过较为系统的研究，首次由一材料的比热实际数据中反演出声子谱。

书籍目录

Chapter 1  Fundamental Principles  1.1  Introduction: The Characters of Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics and Their Relationship  1.2  Basic Thermodynamic Identities  1.3  Fundamental Principles and Conclusions of Classical Statistics   1.3.1  Microscopic and Macroscopic Descriptions, Statistical Distribution Functions   1.3.2  Liouville Theorem   1.3.3  Statistical Independence   1.3.4  Microscopical Canonical, Canonical and Grand Canonical Ensembles  1.4  Boltzmann Gas  1.5  Density Matrix   1.5.1  Density Matrix   1.5.2  Some General Properties of the Density Matrix  1.6  Liouville Theorem in Quantum Statistics  1.7  Canonical Ensemble  1.8  Grand Canonical Ensemble    1.8.1  Fundamental Expression of the Grand Canonical Ensemble    1.8.2  Derivation  of  the  Fundamental  Thermodynamic Identity  1.9  Probability Distribution and Slater Sum    1.9.1  Meaning of the Diagonal Elements of the Density Matrix    1.9.2  Slater Summation    1.9.3  Example : Probability of the Harmonic Ensemble   1.10  Theory of the Reduced Density MatrixChapter 2  The Perfect Gas in Quantum Statistics  2.1  Indistinguishability Principle for Identical Particles  2.2  Bose Distribution and Fermi Distribution    2.2.1  Perfect Gases in Quantum Statistics    2.2.2  Bose Distribution    2.2.3  Fermi Distribution    2.2.4  Comparison of Three Distributions;Gibbs Paradox Again    ……Chapter 3  Second Quantization and Model HamiltoniansChapter 4  Least Action Principle, Field Quantization and the Electron-Phonon SystemChapter 5  Bose-Einstein CondensationChapter 6  Some Inverse Problems in Quanturn StatistiesChapter 7  An Introduction to Theory of Green's FunctionsChapter 8  A Unified Diagonalization Theorem for Quadratic HamiltonianChapter 9  Functional Integral Approach: A Third Formulation of Quantum Statistical MechanicsReferencesIndex

作者简介

Statistical physics establishes a bridge from the macroscopic world to study the microscopic world. This is a theory with the fewest assumptions and the broadest conclusions. Up to now there is no evidence to show that statistical physics itself is responsible for any mistakes. Statistical physics has become an important branch of modern theoretical physics and this course has become one of the common fundamental courses of graduate students in different majors in physics departments.Statistical physics is a branch of science engaged in studying the laws of thermal motion of macroscopic systems. The advanced statistics for graduate students mainly studies quantum statistics. The first four chapters of this book are fundamental, and should be well known. The last five chapters are recent developments, including the studies on Bose-Einstein condensation, a class of inverse problems in quantum statistics (their Chen's exact solution formulas, Dai's exact solution formulas,asymptotic behavior control theory, and concrete realizations of the inversion theories), an introduction to the theory of Green's functions in quantum statistics, the unified diagonalization theorem for Hamiltonians of quadratic form, and an introduction to the third formulation of quantum statistics and the functional integral approach. This course was edited by revising the lecture notes of the author, from courses of quantum statistics and advanced statistics for graduate students,since 1978. At the same time, this work contains the research results of some related projects, supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

图书封面

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