高中英语阅读与测试

章节摘录

　　And the Middle East. Languages such as Arabic, which is spokenthroughout the Middle East and many of the local languages of theSahara Desert region are members of the same family.　　Another large family is Bantu. Bantu includes most of thelanguages spoken in central and southern Africa. There are over 250varieties of this family.　　In the past few hundred years, Africa has undergone greatchanges, and outside languages, such as French, are now spoken insome areas of central Africa and southern Africa as well.　　A fourth large group of languages is the Sino-Tibetan family. TheSino-Tibetan family includes all the dialects of Chinese, which isperhaps the most widely used language in the world. There are nearly1500 million speakers of Chinese dialects. The Sino-Tibetan family alsoincludes the languages of the southeast Asia, languages such asVietnamese and Thai. Of course, not all the languages of east Asiabelong to this family. Some languages such as Japanese seem to becompletely unrelated to the Sino-Tibetan family.　　Still another major language family is Polynesian. The Polynesianlanguages are island languages. They are spoken on the islands aroundIndonesia, and on many of the islands eastward all the way to Hawaii,and on the islands westward all the way to Madagascar, off the eastcoast of Africa. Hawaiian and Indonesian are examples of Polynesianlanguages. Apparently, these languages were spread from island toisland by travelers and then each group of islands developed its ownindividual language.　　These five language groups, or language families, that we havementioned here are only a few of the major language families around theworld. There are many more. You should also note that each majorlanguage family has several smaller families within it.　　There are over 3.000 languages that are used throughout the worldtoday. Almost all of these languages belong to a much smaller number oflanguage families. All of the languages within a language family arerelated and all of them have a similar history. Therefore, the grammar,vocabulary, and sounds of related languages are somewhat similar. Inaddition, the way,of thinking and the style of talking among relatedlanguages are also, to a certain degree, similar.　　Even though there are over 3,000 languages that are used today,there are only about 20 or 30 major language families.　　Lets take a brief look at some of the largest language familiesincluding many individual languages.　　The language that we are using now is English and English is, ofcourse, a member of a large language family. English is a member ofthe Indo-European language family. The Indo-European language familyincludes most of the languages that are spoken throughout Europe,languages such as English, French and Greek. Of course, many Indo-European languages are now spoken in other parts of the world. Forinstance, Spanish, which is an Indo-European language, is spokenthroughout South and Central America, but originally it was spoken onlyin Europe.　　Another large language family is the Afro-Asiatic family. The Afro-Asiatic family includes most languages used in the area of North Africa.

前言

　　在历史跨入新世纪的今天，经济全球化进程日益加速，其影响已深入到全社会各个方面。作为世界性语言的英语已成为国际间沟通、交流必不可少的工具。随着我国经济的快速持续发展，综合国力不断增强，我国各领域各个层面涉外活动曰益频繁。在这种形势下，全国范围内的“外语热”便悄然兴起。尤其是英语教育，如今已受到举国上下从未有过的重视。对于广大青年学生来说，这无疑是绝好的客观环境。通过良好的学校教育，近二十年来，已经涌现了一批又一批学有成就的优秀外语人才。不过，就在学青年而论，在英语学习过程中，长期存在这样或那样困难，或学习上事倍功半的问题却不在少数。例如，不少勤奋青年废寝忘食地死记硬背大量单词释义，过于迷信商业运作介入后的某些所谓的英语速成法，造成了不少学习上的误区，以致不少学生误以为只要精读课本，熟记大量生词，不断扩大词汇量，便可精通英语，运用自如。殊不知，忽视英语泛读，不保持精读、泛读的适当比例并持之以恒，英语学习效果必然大打折扣。其实，历来英语教学大纲均有明确规定：中学英语教学目的是对学生进行听说读写的综合训练，培养他们在口头上和书面文字上运用英语的基本能力，其中十分侧重培养阅读能力。现行大纲也着重指出，提高学生英语阅读能力，单纯通过课文教学是不易达到的，必须指导学生在课外阅读相当数量的原文读物，而绝不是突击记忆大量单词能够毕其功于一役的。这充分表明，英语精读与泛读是相辅相成、不可偏废的，而且要保持适当的阅读量比例，并持之以恒。

内容概要

　　陈渊，中国科普作家协会、上海翻译家协会、上海外文学会、美国奥尼尔学会会员，上海科普作家协会译委副主任。　　上海外国语大学副教授，曾受聘任国家教委优秀学术专著评审委员会审读组成员，上海市优秀科普作品奖评奖专家委员会委员。因突出贡献，曾由国家教委、国家新闻出版署，上海市人民政府和上海外国语大学授予荣誉证书、高等学校教材编辑特等奖和立大功奖励证书等。主要著作有：主编上海市紧缺人才培训工程证书教程中的《中级英语教程》和中小学英语精读、泛读和听力系列教材，以及《新编英语词汇用法手册》、《英语造句词典》、《英语必考词五用详解词典》等.译述作品有《尤金·奥尼尔传》、《医生之家》、《茫茫黑夜》和世界第一部科幻小说《弗兰肯斯坦》，以及《世界科幻小说精品丛书（三十卷）》等。

书籍目录

Unit One Food and DrinkPassage 1 British Pub CulturePassage 2 The Story of Ice CreamPassage 3 Lunch in Urban DistrictPassage 4 Fast Food and TV DinnersPassage 5 Healthy EatingExercises for Unit OneUint Two SportsPassage 1 The Essence of SportPassage 2 Racing in the WaterPassage 3 The Sexes in SportPassage 4 A Message of Friendship and PeaceExercises for Unit TwoUnit Three Animals and PlantsPassage 1 The Non-flying BirdsPassage 2 The MosquitoPassage 3 Foxes and FarmersPassage 4 Human Beings Responsibility for EnvironmentPassage 5 Energy Changes Make Things HappenExercises for Unit ThreeUnit Four Buying and SelingPassage 1 SupermarketsPassage 2 The Big Department StorePassage 3 Why Banks Are Useful?Passage 4 The Role of AdvertisingExercises for Unit FourUint Five Libraries and MuseumsPassage 1 About MuseumsPassage 2 Shanghai Science and Techno|ogy MuseumPassage 3 Shanghai LibraryPassage 4 School LibrariesPassage 5 Public Libraries in BritainExercises for Unit FiveUint Six LanguagePassage 1 LanguagesPassage 2 The Language ArtsPassage 3 Are You Afraid of Speaking in Public?Passage 4 Words and Word OriginExercises for Unit SixUint Seven Friend FriendshipPassage 1 On Making FriendsPassage 2 True FriendshipPassage 3 A friend and a TrialPassage 4 PerplexityPassage 5  The Colour of FriendshipExercises for Unit SevenUint Eight Exploring NaturePassage 1 The Discoverer of X-raysPassage 2 Newtons DiscoveryPassage 3 Cosmic RadiationPassage 4 An Efficient MethodExercises for Unit EightUnit Nine LiteraturePassage 1 A Lonely MotherPassage 2 Not Poor, Just BrokePassage 3 Finding a Happy ManPassage 4 William Sydney PorterPassage 5 An American Foremost PlaywrightExercises for Unit NineUnit Ten Adventures and DisastersPassage 1 Some Strange JourneysPassage 2 A Tragic AccidentPassage 3 The EarthquakePassage d The Spirit of AdventureExercises for Unit TenReference Answers

作者简介

《高中英语阅读与测试(第2册)》内容简介：其实，历来英语教学大纲均有明确规定：中学英语教学目的是对学生进行听说读写的综合训练，培养他们在口头上和书面文字上运用英语的基本能力，其中十分侧重培养阅读能力。现行大纲也着重指出，提高学生英语阅读能力，单纯通过课文教学是不易达到的，必须指导学生在课外阅读相当数量的原文读物，而绝不是突击记忆大量单词能够毕其功于一役的。这充分表明，英语精读与泛读是相辅相成、不可偏废的，而且要保持适当的阅读量比例，并持之以恒。

图书封面

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