土木工程专业英语

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出版社:机械工业出版社
出版日期:1970-1
ISBN:9787111246572
页数:370页

章节摘录

  Reading Material  Effect of High Temperature or Fire on Heavy Weight Concrete Properties  Temperature plays an important role in the use of concrete for shielding nuclearreactors. In the present work, the effect of different durations (1, 2 and 3h) of hightemperatures (250, 500, 750 and 950C ) on the physical, mechanical and radiationproperties of heavy concrete was studied. The effect of fire fitting systems on concreteproperties was investigated. Resuhs showed that ilmenite2 concrete had the highestdensity, modulus of elasticity and lowest absorption percent, and it had also higher val-ues of compressive, tensile, bending and bonding strengths than gravel or baryte3 con-crete. Ilmenite concrete showed the highest attenuation of transmitted gamma rays. Fir-ing (heating) exposure time was inversely proportional to mechanical properties of alltypes of concrete. Ilmenite concrete was more resistant to elevated temperature. Foamor air proved to be better than water as a cooling system in concrete structure exposed tohigh temperature because water leads to a big damage in concrete properties.  During the last few years, analytical and computation methods have been greatlydeveloped in the field of concrete building exposed to high temperature or accidentalfire. The transient heat flow within a fire-exposed structure is governed by the heat bal-ance equation. At elevated high temperature or accidental fire, concrete surfaces ex-posed to heat are significantly affected. At free surfaces, the heat flow is caused byconvection4 and radiation. A preliminary evaluation of the failure criteria showed thatfailure of heated concrete surface occurs most likely by crack formation parallel to thehot surface, degradation of concrete strength and pressurization of concrete pores.  ……

前言

  专业英语是大学英语教学的一个重要部分,是必修课程。根据教育部大学英语教学大纲的规定和近年来对大学生专业英语阅读的新要求,结合编者多年来的教学实践,在参考现有土木工程专业英语教材的基础上,编写了本教材。  本书以提高土木工程专业学生的专业英语阅读能力为出发点,介绍了专业英语的阅读技巧和翻译方法,通过课文材料的阅读,可扩展学生的专业知识视野。本书的特点是:  ·选材内容新颖。课文材料多来自较新的专业杂志和网络文章,较好地介绍了当今土木工程领域相关的新技术和新成果。  ·选材内容涉及面广。课文选材涉及土木工程总论,工程结构设计与施工,岩土与基础工程,道路、桥梁与隧道工程,土木工程防灾与减灾,建筑材料及计算机在土木工程中的应用等,有助于学生全面了解土木工程专业。  ·课文编排重点突出。每单元课文内容分重点讲解和一般阅读两部分,前面部分为重点讲解内容,后面部分可供有潜力的学生阅读。  ·教材适应性广。教材课文难度、深浅不等,可以适用于不同英语水平的学生,满足不同的教学目的和要求。  ·强调学生能力的培养。使用本书不仅可以获得更广泛的土木工程专业知识,而且可以了解专业英语阅读的特点、专业英语正确的阅读技巧和翻译方法,从而提高专业英语的阅读和翻译水平。  ·适应专业英语教学的新要求。近年来,各高校对学生的英语水平提出了新的要求,要求学生在完成毕业设计(论文)的同时,还必须完成一定篇幅的文章的英汉翻译,并要求写出毕业设计(论文)的英文摘要。本书充分考虑了这一点,设计了相应的练习和知识讲解。  本书由西安科技大学戴俊教授和河南工业大学刘存中副教授主编。编写分工为:戴俊编写第1、2、8-11、14、15、36单元,刘存中编写第3-7、22、25单元,北京建工学院董军编写第12、13、29-31单元,河南理工大学梁为民、王新生编写16-19单元,河南工业大学刘起霞编写第23、24、32、33单元,河南工业大学李作正编写第20、21单元,西安科技大学熊光红编写第26-28单元,西安科技大学奚家米编写第34、35单元。每单元后面的补充知识均由戴俊编写。  西安建筑科技大学薛建阳教授对本书进行了全面审阅,就内容的取舍和编排提出了许多宝贵的意见,对有关术语进行了核对,为本书增色不少,在此深表感谢。  由于时间仓促,加之编者水平有限,书中不当、错漏之处在所难免,恳请读者批评指正。

书籍目录

序前言Unit 1Text Iniroduetion of Civil EngineeringReading Material(1)Structural Engineering(2)Geoteehnieal EngineeringSupplement专业英语的教与学Unit 2Text Civil EngineersReading Material(1)Being a Civil Engineer(2)Need of Civil Engineers for Adequate Field Experience Supplement专业英语的概念Unit 3Text Multi-Story Buildings DesignReading Material Multi-Story Building StructureSupplement专业英语的文体特点Unit 4Text Framing SystemsReading Material Strength,Stiffness,and DriftSupplement专业英语的结构特点(1)Unit 5Text What Happens to Structure When the Ground M0ves?Reading Material Seismic ConsiderationsSupplement专业英语的结构特点(2)Unit 6Text Dynamic Analysis on StructuresReading Martial Undamped SystemSupplement专业英语的常用句型Unit 7Text The SkyscrapersReading Material Hish—Rise BuildingsSupplement专业英语的词汇特点Unit 8Text Tunneling in RockReading Material Ground Support with Sprayed ConcreteSupplement专业英语中的构词法(1)Unit 9Text NATM in Soft GroundReading Material NATM—New Austrian Tunnelling MethodSupplement专业英语中的构词法(2)Unit 10Text Immersed TunnelsReading Material Water-Tightness of the Immersed TunnelSupplement专业英语中的构词法(3)Unit 11Text Shield Tunneling MethodReading Material Tunnelling Projects in SingaporeSupplement专业英语中常见数学运算符号的读法与应用Unit 12Text Bridge Factors Acting ON a BridgeReading Material(1)Arch Bridge(2)Large Span BridgesSupplement专业英语中常见数学表达式的读法Unit 13Text Concrete Beam BridgeReading Material(1)The Bridges ofTomorrow:A Choice before US(2)Traffic EngineeringSupplement专业英语中被动语态的使用Unit14 Text Compression Tests of RocksReading Material(1)Tensile Strength of Rock(2)Shear TestsSupplement专业英语阅读的基本要素与方法Unitl5Text Stresses in SoilsReading Material(1) Soil Mechanics (2)Soil SamplingSupplement专业英语阅读的要点与难点Unit 16Text FoundationsReading Material Shallow Foundations and Deep FoundationsSupplement精读与评读Unit 17Text Soil Properties for Static Pile CapacityReading Material Bearing Capacity from Field Load TestsSupplement初审读Unit 18Text PilesReading Material Soil—Pile InteractionSupplement书的审读Unit 19Text Bearing Capacity of Shallow FoundationsReading Material Methods of Improving Site Soils for Foundation UseSupplement书中章节的审读Unit 20Text Earthquakes and Earthquake—Resistant StructuresReading Material A New Kind of EarthquakeResistant BuildingSupplement浏览文中的要点Unit 21Text Fire Engineering Design of Steel and Composite BuildingsReading Material Effect of High Temperature or Fire on Heavy Weight Concrete PropertiesSupplement猜词Unit 22Text Construction Engineering(I)Reading Material Construction Engineering(Ⅱ)Supplement快速阅读的技巧要点Unit 23Text The fundamental assumptions of Reinforced ConcreteReading Material Concrete—Sustained CompressionSupplement专业英语的翻译原则和要求Unit 24Text Durability of ConcreteReading Material Reinforcing Steels for ConcreteSupplement翻译中词义的处理Unit 25Text Introduction to Finite Element Method(I)Reading Material Introduction to Finite Strip MethodSupplement专业术语的基本译法Unit 26Text Introduction of Finite Element Method(Ⅱ) Readng Material A New Model for Nonlinear Dynamic AnalysisSupplement专业英语翻译中词类的转变Unit27Text Computer-Aided Materials Selection during Structural DesignReading Material Introduction to the Book-Modern Structure AnalysisSupplement专业英语翻译中句子成分的转变Unit 28Text Computer-Aided Design and DraftReading Material(1)CADD Program(2)Computer Application in ConstructionSupplement专业英语翻译中词序的转变Unit29Text Highway Safety DesignReading Material Highway Cross SectionSupplement专业英语翻译中词的省略.Unit 30Text PavementReading Material Rigid PavementsSupplement专业英语翻译中词的重复Unit31Text Pavement DesignReading Material Pavement FoundationSupplement专业英语翻译中词的增译Unit 32Text Building Configuration:Size and ShapeReading Material Safety of StructureSupplement专业英语翻译中被动句的翻译Unit33Text Quality Control and Quality AssuranceReading Material Seheduliag and Control of ConstructionSupplement专业英语翻译中否定句的译法Unit 34Text RoadsReading Material AirportsSupplement专业英语翻译中强调句的译法Unit 35Text Construction and Building Inspectors(I)Reading Material Construction and Building Inspectors(II)Supplement专业英语翻译中复合句的译法(I)Unit 36Text Discussion on the Future of Civil Engineering(I) Reading Material Discussion on the Future of Civil Engineering(H)Supplement专业英语翻译中复合句的译法(II)词汇表

作者简介

《21世纪高等教育土木工程系列规划教材•土木工程专业英语》是21世纪高等教育土木工程系列规划教材之一。全书由36个单元组成,每单元内容包括课文精讲、翻译练习、材料泛读和专业英语知识介绍。《21世纪高等教育土木工程系列规划教材•土木工程专业英语》所选阅读材料涵盖土木工程总论、结构工程、岩土工程、道路与桥梁工程、隧道与地下工程、土木工程施工管理及计算机在土木工程中的应用等方面,阅读材料内容新颖.太都是相关领域的新知识瓤新成果介绍。书中介绍的内容涉及专业英语的教学、语法特点、阅读方法及翻译方法与技巧等,对学生专业英语阅读和翻译能力的提高很有帮助。
《21世纪高等教育土木工程系列规划教材•土木工程专业英语》可作为土木工程本科生专业英语课程的教材,也可作为土木工程研究生专业英语阅读的参考用书,同时还可供土木工程及相关领域的高校教师和工程技术人员阅读参考。

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