英国历史文化概况

出版社:董晓波 对外经济贸易大学出版社 (2012-11出版)
出版日期:2012-11
ISBN:9787566305251
作者:董晓波 编
页数:307页

章节摘录

版权页:   插图:   Upon his death in 1887,he bequeathed much of his fortune for the people of Manchester,with the Whitworth Art Gallery and Christie Hospital partly funded by Whitworth’s money.Whitworth Street and Whitworth Hall in Manchester are named in his honour Whitworth was born in Stockport,the son of Charles Whitworth,a teacher and Congregational minister,and at an early age developed an interest in machinery.He was educated at Idle,near Leeds; his aptitude for mechanics became apparent when he began work for his uncle. After leaving school Whitworth became an indentured apprentice to an uncle who was a cotton spinner in Derbyshire.This was for a four—year term after which he worked for another four years as a mechanic in a factory in Manchester.He then moved to London where he found employment working for Henry Maudslay,the inventor of the screw—cutting lathe,alongside such people as James Nasmyth(inventor of the steam hammer)and Richard Roberts. Whitworth developed great skill as a mechanic while working for Maudslay,developing various precision machine tools and also introducing a box casting scheme for the iron frames of machine tools that simultaneously increased their rigidity and reduced their weight. Whitworth also worked for Holtzapffel & Co.(makers of ornamental lathes)and Joseph Clement.While at Clement’s workshop he helped with the manufacture of Charles Babbage’s calculating machine,the Difference engine.He returned to Openshaw,Manchester,in 1833 to start his own business manufacturing lathes and other machine tools,which became renowned for their high standard of workmanship.Whitworth is attributed with the introduction of the thou in 1844.(2)In 1853,along with his lifelong friend,artist and art educator George Wallis(1811—1891),he was appointed a British commissioner for the New—York International Exhibition.They toured around industrial sites of several American States,and the result of their journey was a report The Industry of the United States in Machinery,Manufactures and Useful and Applied Arts,compiled from the Official Reports of Messrs Whitworth and Wallis,London,1854. In 1850,architect Edward Waiters was commissioned to build The Firs for Whitwortl was a grand mansion at Fallowfield,Manchester,which still stands today,function Chancellors Hotel & Conference Centre. Whitworth popularized a method of producing accurate flat surfaces(see Surface during the 1830s,using engineer’s blue and scraping techniques on three trial surfaces.U his introduction of the scraping technique,the same three plate method was employed polishing techniques,giving less accurate results.This led to an explosion of developm precision instruments using these flat surface generation techniques as a basis for construction of precise shapes.

书籍目录

Chapter 1 Origin and History Text A The Origin and History of the UK Text B Elizabeth I of England Supplementary Reading Song to the Men of England Knowledge Expansion Kings and Queens of England and Great Britain Chapter 2 Climate and Territory Text A Climate of the United Kingdom Text B Geography of the United Kingdom Supplementary reading I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud Knowledge Expansion Relevant Knowledge of the United Kingdom Chapter 3 System of Government and Political Parties Text A The System of Government of the United Kingdom Text B Political Parties of the United Kingdom Supplementary Reading Elizabeth Ⅱ Knowledge Expansion The Monarch’s Power of the United Kingdom The Prime Minister’s Power Chapter 4 Laws and Rules Text A The Constitution of the United Kingdom Text B The Sources of the Constitution of United Kingdom Supplementary Reading The Legal System of the United Kingdom Knowledge Expansion List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom Chapter 5 Industrial Revolution Text A A General Introduction to Industrial Revolution Text B Technological Developments in Britain during Industrial Revolution Supplementary Reading Social Effects of Industrial Revolution on Great Britain Knowledge Expansion Joseph Whitworth Chapter 6 Two World Wars Text A History of the United Kingdom during World War Ⅰ Text B Great Britain,from World War I to World War Ⅱ Supplementary Reading Churchill’s Speech: We Shall Fight Them on the Beaches Knowledge Expansion Winston Churchill Chapter 7 Education Text A British Education System Text B Universities in the United Kingdom Supplementary Reading The University of Oxford Knowledge Expansion Stephen Hawking Chapter 8 Economy and Social Welfare Text A An Introduction to British Economy Text B Healthcare in the United Kingdom Supplementary Reading Economy of London Knowledge Expansion Keynesian Economics Chapter 9 Press,Radio and Television Text A Introduction to British Media Text B British Newspapers Supplementary Reading British Broadcasting Corporation(BBC) Knowledge Expansion British Academy of Film and Television Arts Chapter 10 English Literature and Poems Text A Development of British Literature and Poems Text B Shakespeare Supplementary Reading J.K.Rowling Knowledge Expansion Sonnet 14 Chapter 11 Religion and Beliefs Text A Christianity Text B Church of England Supplementary Reading St Paul’s Cathedral Knowledge Expansion List of Church of England Dioceses Chapter 12 Scenic Spots and Historical Sites Text A Hyde Park Text B Buckingham Palace Supplementary Reading British Museum Knowledge Expansion Top 10 London Attractions Chapter 13 Holidays and Festivals Text A British Holidays and Festivals Text B Easter Supplementary Reading Valentine’s Day Knowledge Expansion List of British Holidays and Celebrations Chapter 14 Manners and Courtesies in Social Life Text A British Etiquette Text B Superstitions in Britain Supplementary Reading DOS and DON’TS(Taboos)in England Knowledge Expansion English Afternoon Tea Etiquette Chapter 15 Social Problems and Future Text A ’Social Evils’ and ’Social Problems’ in Britain Text B The UK Government Sustainable Development Strategy Supplementary Reading Depression is UK’s Biggest Social Problem Knowledge Expansion What Sports Do You Play in Britain? Appendices Appendix 1: Lists of Dynasties and Monarchs in British History Appendix 2: Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom Appendix 3: Major Events in UK History Appendix 4: Shires of the United Kingdom Appendix 5: UK’s National Anthem Appendix 6: List of British Nobel Laureates Appendix 7: National and Subnational Flags of the United Kingdom Appendix 8: Currency and Banking of the United Kingdom Appendix 9: History of British Literature Appendix 10: British Educational System References 参考文献

编辑推荐

《展望(Prospect)全国高等院校英语专业系列精品教材:英国历史文化概况(英文版)》可以作为英语专业知识基础课——英国文化、英国历史方向的专业课教材,也可以作为高等院校非英语专业本科学生和研究生公选课教材或课外泛读教材,也可供历史学专业英国史方向和对英国问题饶有兴趣的学生及希望通过对英国历史与文化的学习来提高英语技能的读者使用。

作者简介

《展望(Prospect)全国高等院校英语专业系列精品教材:英国历史文化概况(英文版)》遵循“以人为本”的理念,从中国学生实际出发,从不同方面向读者介绍英国的历史与文化现象。《展望(Prospect)全国高等院校英语专业系列精品教材:英国历史文化概况(英文版)》以英国历史文化发展为线索,展现英国各阶段历史进程中的国家概况,既训练语言技能,也丰富相关知识。《展望(Prospect)全国高等院校英语专业系列精品教材:英国历史文化概况(英文版)》采用真实地道的语言材料,主要取材于国外报刊杂志以及相关历史文献资料,穿插图表、照片等真实的视觉材料,生动直观。


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  •     内容很好,喜欢这种没有中文的纯英文书。
 

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