中国藏医药学

章节摘录

插图：1.2.3 Etiological TheoryFormed when Buddhism first flourished, Tibetan medicine is unique in itsrecognition of the causes of disease, with an ethnic flavor, as well as a religiouscoloring, thus forming a unique theory of etiology. There are several methods of classification. A theory holds that diseases occur only under three conditions, ieorig in, accumulation and induction. This is called the theory of external causes. On the origin, it is claimed that the seasons, the five sensory organs, anddaily life are closely related. Any reverse, deficiency, exuberance of an elementcan become the origin of a disease. For instance, season refers to cold, heat and rain. When these three are less than normal, then this is a deficiency; when they are in surplus, then, it is excess. Opposite refers to heat appearing in the coldseason, cold appearing in the hot season, and drought appearing in the rainyseason; these are all opposites. Or, in other words, they are the origin of diseases. This is quite similar to the six-excessiveness theory of etiology in TCM.   The five sensory organs are responsible for special sensation, namely, theeyes for seeing, the ears for hearing, the nose for smelling and the tongue fortasting. When stimuli are optimal, then, no disease would happen. Any deficientor excessive stimulus m either too far, too near, over-stimulation or in aparadoxical form that cannot be tolerated by the organism forms a reverse

前言

Traditional Tibetan medicine is a time-honored medical knowledge systemcreated mainly by the people inhabiting the Himalaya Mountains and the QinghalTibet Plateau region through a long course of experience in fighting againstdisease and preserving good health. Naturally, the provenance of Tibetan medi-cine should originate from Tibet, but Tibetan medicine is also an integral part oftraditional Chinese medicine （TCM） as a whole. Ironically, due to complex historical reasons, for a long time, Tibetan medicine didn't arouse due attentionand interest in inland China. Before 1949, no works on Tibetan medicine hadappeared in China, and there were no academic papers published either.   Over the last three decades, people in China, including the Tibetans them-selves, have begun to pay close attention to Tibetan medicine. A number ofhigh-quality academic papers have been published, some of them exerting greatinfluence in the pertinent fields, arousing interest among all of those closely involved in the field of Tibetology. The Sman thang Series of hanging scrolls with amedical theme, for instance, was first published in China in the mid-1980s inboth Tibetan-Chinese and Tibetan-English versions, marking a new epoch in the study of Tibetan medicine in China. Of course, due to the lack of experience and constraints at the academic level, these publications are certainly not perfect. Yet, the project plays a pioneering role in expediting the pace of China's efforts tocatch up with the study in this field internationally.

内容概要

ZHEN YAN has specialized in studies of the medical traditions of Chinese ethnic minorities，with emphasis on Tibetan medicine，for nearly a decade. She is a frequent traveler to Tibet，especially Lhasa. She learned the Tibetan language from native speakers and Tibetan medicine at the Institute 0f Traditional Tibetan Medicine. She spent six years as a post-graduate researcher，specializing in the history of Tibetan medicine.Her publicationsinclude A Comparative Study of Chinese and Tibetan Pulsetaking，A Preliminary Investigation into the Origins of Tibetan Medicine.An IntrodHctiOn to Tibetan Medicine. The title of her doctoral dissertation is The Origins and Evolution of the Sphygmography of Tibetan Medicine.CAI JINGFENG, a research fellow into the history of Chinese medicine, including the history of the traditionalmedical systems of China's ethnicminorities, specializing in Tibetanmedicine for three decades, graduatedfrom a Chinese biomedical university. Healso systematically trained in traditional Chinese medicine, including Tibetanmedicine. He has published many mono-graphs on the medical traditions of China'sethnic minorities, especially Tibetanmedicine, as well as over 100 articlesdealing with the history of Chinese medicine, Tibetan medicine and the medical traditions of other ethnic minoritiesin China.

书籍目录

Foreword1. Tibetan Medicine1.1 Time-Honored History1.1.1 Emergence （Remote Antiquity-6th Century AD）1.1.2 Period of Consolidation （6th-gth Centuries）1.1.3 Period of Development and Contention （Mid 9th-Mid 17tCenturies）1.1.4 The Flourishing Period （Mid 17th-Mid 20th Centuries）1.1.5 Period of Regeneration （after 1951）1.2 Theoretical System of Tibetan Medicine1.2.1 Theory of Three Factors1.2.2 Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology1.2.3 Etiological Theory1.2.4 Embryology1.3 Diagnostics1.3.1 Interrogation1.3.2 Color inspection1.3.3 Urinalysis1.3.4 Pulse-Taking1.3.5 Other Diagnostic Techniques1.4 Clinical Medicine1.4.1 Rlung Diseases1.4.2 Mkhris pa Diseases1.4.3 Badkan Diseases1.4.4 Indigestion1.4.5 Edema1.4.6 Febrile Syndromes1.4.7 Common Cold1.4.8 Diseases of the Eye1.4.9 Diseases of the Ear1.4.10 Diseases of the Nose1.4.11 Diseases of the Mouth1.4.12 Diseases of the Heart1.4.13 Diseases of the Lung1.4.14 Diseases of the Liver1.4.15 Diseases of the Spleen1.4.16 Diseases of the Kidney1.4.17 Diseases of the Stomach1.4.18 Diseases of the Small Intestine1.4.19 Diseases of the Large Intestine1.4.20 Diseases of the Bladder1.4.21 Constipation1.4.22 Diseases of the Male External Genitalia1.4.23 Diseases of the Female External Genitalia1.4.24 Asthma1.4.25 Vomiting and Diarrhea1.4.26 Yellow Fluid Diseases1.4.27 Common Gynecological Diseases1.4.28 Intoxication1.4.29 Epilepsy （Dian and Xian）1.4.30 Pediatrical Diseases1.5 Rich and Colorful Treatment1.5.1 Medication1.5.2 Instrumental Therapy1.5.3 Bloodletting1.5.4 Moxibustion Therapy1.5.5 Emetics1.5.6 Rubbing and Compress Therapies1.5.7 Medicinal Bathing1.5.8 Enema Therapy1.5.9 Nasal Medication1.5.10 Dietotherapy1.5.11 Daily Life and Macrobiotics1.6 Medical Ethics2. Tibetan Pharmacy2.1 A Brief History of Tibetan Pharmacy2.1.1 Enlightenment Period （Antiquity-6th Century AD）2.1.2 Laying Foundation Period （629-846 AD）2.1.3 Formation Period （846-1271）2.1.4 Development Period （1279-1642）2.1.5 Prosperous Period （1642-1682）2.1.6 Stagnant Period （1750-1950）2.1.7 Rejuvenation Period （After 1951）2.2 Theoretical System of Tibetan Pharmacology2.2.1 Classes of Materia Medico Based on Taste2.2.2 Action2.3 Resources of Tibetan Materia Medico2.3.1 Natural Conditions of the Qinghal-Tibet Plateau2.3.2 The Resources of Materia Medica of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateal2.3.3 Flora in Tibetan Materia Medica2.3.4 Relationship Between Vegetation Types and Resources oTibetan Materia Medica2.3.5 Features of Plants Used2.3.6 Imported Resources of Tibetan Materia Medica2.4 Collection and Processing of Tibetan Materia Medico2.4.1 Collection in Proper Seasons2.4.2 Collection at Optimal Time2.4.3 Selection and Drying2.4.4 Differentiating Old and New2.4.5 Detoxication by Processing2.4.6 Compounding Based on Different Disorders2.5 Drug Forms of Tibetan Materia Medico2.5.1 Powder2.5.2 Pill or Bolus2.5.3 Paste2.5.4 Decoction2.5.5 Medicinal Wine2.6 Present Status of Research2.6.1 Investigation on Resources of Tibetan Materia Medico2.6.2 Investigation on Exploitation and Utilization2.7 Classification of Tibetan Materia Medico2.7.1 Common Mineral Materia Medica2.7.2 Common Plant Materia Medico2.7.3 Common Animal Materia Medica3. Sman thong, the Gem of Tibetan Medicine3.1 History of Sman thong3.1.1 Materials for Preparation of Sman thong3.1.2 Contents of Sman thang3.1.3 Colors Used3.1.4 Captions of Sman thang3.1.5 Investigation of Medical History and Literature3.2 Contents of Sman thang3.3 Comparative Studies on Different Editions of Sman thangs3.3.1 Publication of Sman thang Atlas3.3.2 The Titles of the Atlas Publications of Tibetan MedicalThangkas3.3.3 The Total Number of Sman thang in the Series3.3.4 Analysis of Some Specificities of Medical Tangkhas3.3.5 About the Original set of Tibetan Medical Tangkha Series3.4 The Value of Sman thang4. Important Ancient Physicians and Medical Works4.1 Important Ancient Physicians4.2 Main Medical Works5. Studies on Tibetan Medicine Outside China5.1 Tibetan Medicine Outside China5.1.1 Major Representatives5.1.2 Important Organizations of Tibetan Medicine5.1.3 International Conferences on Traditional Medicine5.1.4 Academic Publications on Tibetan Medicine5.2 Dissemination of and Studies on Sman thang Outside ChinaAppendix I. Transliteration of Tibetan Alphabet （T.V. Wylie System）Appendix II. Chronological TableBibliographyIndex I. Names of PersonsIndex II. Place, Institution, and Related NamesIndex III. Publications

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《中国藏医药学(英文)》是由外文出版社出版的。

作者简介

《中国藏医药学(英文)》内容简介：Traditional Tibetan medicine, created by people liv-ing on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, known as the"roof of the world," is becoming knownworldwide. Though originating in China'sTibet, China herself has not published acomprehensive work on Tibetan medi-cine in English so far. This Englishmonograph, the first of its kind everpublished in China, deals with thetheoretical and practical aspects ofTibetan medicine, including itshistory, fundamental theories, physiology, anatomy,diagnostics, clinical science,therapies, medical ethics, healthcare and materia medica. Included are also special chaptersdevoted to the unique Tibetanmedical painting scrolls （Smanthang）, important internationalconferences, and representativespecialists and works. At the endof the book, the appendices coverauthors, medical works, transliteration of the Tibetan alphabet and achronological table for Tibetanmedicine.

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