立场——辩证思维训练：教育篇（第17版）（Takng Sides系列）

出版日期:2014-5-1
ISBN:978751354414X
作者:【美】詹姆斯•Wm. 诺尔
页数:232页

内容概要

《立场——辩证思维训练：教育篇》主编詹姆斯•Wm.诺尔曾是美国马里兰大学教育学院教授，后为麦格劳希尔/杜希金Annual Editions: Education Series编辑及编委会成员。

书籍目录

Contents

导读 英语思辨，攻错他山 朱绩崧 vii

Topic Guide xiv

Introduction xv

Issue 1.  Should Schooling Be Based on Social Experiences?  1

Issue 2.  Should the Curriculum Be Standardized for All? 19

Issue 3.  Are Truly Democratic Classrooms Possible? 37

Issue 4.  Has the Time Arrived for Universal Preschool? 60

Issue 5.  Is Privatization the Hope of the Future? 87

Issue 6.  Is the Inclusive Classroom Model Workable? 105

Issue 7.  Can Merit Pay Accelerate School Improvement? 122

Issue 8.  Are Single-Sex Schools and Classes Effective? 143

Issue 9.  Can Zero Tolerance Violate Students Rights? 167

Issue 10.  Do Computers Negatively Affect Student Growth? 184

Internet References 205

Contributors to This Volume 206

作者简介

——常青藤教育出版社经典系列，畅销全球三十年，再版十余次

——英语论说文典范：复旦大学朱绩崧（@文冤阁大学士）执笔导读

——英语辩论实战教材：北京外国语大学李溪（世界级辩论赛总裁判长）亲用推荐

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《立场——辩证思维训练：教育篇（第17版）》是Taking Sides系列丛书七本之一，选取10个与当今教育领域相关的热门话题，提供源自报刊、法庭辩词、议会陈述等关于同一问题的正反两方面论证文章。其话题包括学校课程是否应该标准化、民主课堂是否现实可行、是否应该实行统一学前教育、教师工资是否该按绩效、男女同校跟男女分校哪个更高效、计算机对学生成长的影响等等。本书结构清晰，每个话题前有综合论述，话题后有总结分析，引发思考；内容上说理充分，论证严密，语言地道，既适合作为所有读者拓宽知识面和见识的原版通识读物，也对辩论比赛有直接指导作用，不仅有利于激发学生兴趣，对教育相关问题作出思考，而且培养对于同一观点的辩证思维能力，引导学生用事实和逻辑作严肃且有效的学术辩论。

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精彩书评 (总计1条)

  •     should schooling be based on social experiences ?Experience and education (John Dewey)Teachers are the agents through which knowledge and skills are communicated and rules of conduct enforced.Learning here means acquisition of what already is incorporated in books and in the heads of the elders. Moreover, that which is taught is thought of as essentially static. It is taught as a finished product, with little regard either to the ways in which it was originally built up or to changes that will surely occur in the future. It is to a large entent the cultural product of the societies that assumed the future would be much like the past, and yet it is used as educational food in a society where change is the rule, not the exception.should the curriculum be standardized for all ?the Paideia proposal: rediscovering the essence of education(Mortimer J.Adler)Basic schooling must prepare them for earning a living, but not by training them for this or that specific job while they are still in school.three levels of curriculumHere is where teachers comes in — as aids in the process of learning by discovery not as knowers who attempt to put the knowledge they have into the minds of their students. The quality of teaching, in short, depends crucially upon how the teacher conceives his role in the process of learning, and that must be as an aid to the student’s process of discovery.the worst cultural disease that is rampant in our society — the barbarism of specialization.and if they are not, our free institutions are doomed to decay and wither away.escape from childhood (John Holt)the sickness of the modern world is in many ways a school-induced sickness.are truly democratic classrooms possible ?is it possible to produce democratic citizens if the schooling the young are subjected to is clearly undemocratic ?the education’s highest aim is to create moral and civic habits of the heart.Democratic classrooms: promises and challenges of student voice and choice( Kristan A.Morrison)Schools and society are reflections of one another.an individual’s autonomy is delimited by others’ rights to dignity, respect, safety, and the search for truth and meaning to everyone’s livesthey are viewed, and may view themselves, as safe-deposit boxes waiting for deposits of knowledge to fill themSpontaneous initiative, curiosity, and trust in themselves, by and large, may have been drummed out of them; they may have learned to view education as purely instrumental— a means to an end rather than an end in itself.to attempt to institute democratic practices in their classrooms represents a sizable leap into the unknown.the idea that knowledge can be stuffed into the individual, as opposed to being constructed and mediated through the individual has led to the …Educators must learn to trust students’ innate curiosity, and if this curiosity has been crushed in the past, they must work to bring it back to life.struggle for seemingly far-off idealsSecond thoughts about democratic classrooms(Gary K.Clabaugh)model school on factories and emphasize mass production and cost-effectiveness, rather than democracy and individualityKnowledge is fragmented and atomized. Children are compared to one another. Social and emotional development is neglected for more measurable outcomes. Economies of scale are sought at the expense of individuality.advocate moving from A to B, from A to Zhas the time arrived for universal preschool ?the kids-first agenda(David L. Kirp)kids are the best social investment the government can makethe promised increase in education funding never materialized.someone with the know-how to help a youngster navigate the twisting and sometimes treacherous pathway from early childhood to adulthood.… is woven into the fabric of governmentthe government is looking through kids-first lensesis privatization the hope of the future ?dramatic growth is possible (Chris Whittle)full-eclipse of the American economywe’ve had a national failure of imagination when it comes to what our schools can and should be. We don’t believe there is anything particularly new to discover in schooling, so, as a society, we don’t set out to find it. Columbus believed. NASA believed. When it comes to schooling, we don’t. For sure, there are pioneers here and there, but our national mindset does not embrace the possibility that our schools could be and should be radically different. Indeed, because “the way school is” was imprinted on all of us with Intel-lke precision by our own 12 years of schooling.We are still operating in an 18th-century mindset, believing that these young, half-civilized things called children must be literally whipped into shape, if not with a stick then with a never-ending schedule.are we surprised when our K-12 schools are far from the envy of the world?is the inclusive classroom model workable ?Learning in a inclusive community ( Mara Sapon-Shevin)What if we put community building and the emotional climate of the classroom back at the center of our organizing values?it is high time that we understand that inclusive, diverse classrooms are here to stay.When we are surrounded by people who are different from us, we are forced to ask questions that go beyond the individual and adress the community.develop the language and skill to negotiate diversity~familiarize yourself with the appropriate terminology~provide multiple opportunities to talk about~don’t respond punitively but don’t let it goInclusion is a gift we give ourselves: the gift of understanding, the gift of knowing that we are all members of human race and the joy comes in building genuine relationships with a wide range of other people~end activities with appreciation circles~Don’t set students up to compete with one another. Create an atmosphere in which each student knows that he or she is valued for something.~Keep in mind that your students will remember only some of what your taught them but everything about how they felt in your classroomInclusive classrooms put a premium on how people treat one another.Can merit pay accelerate school improvement ?blocked, diluted and co-opted ( Stuart Buck and P.Greene)Merit pay plans are more likely to be symbolic than substantive and more likely to be promised than delivered.Are single-sex schools and classes effective ?Learning separately: the case for single-sex schools (Peter Meyer)the potential for excellence that dwells in the heart of every human beingCan zero tolerance violate students rights ?Does computers negatively affect student growth ?The human touch (Lowell Monke)The goal is twofold.There is a huge qualitative difference between learning about something, which requires only information, and learning from something, which requires that the learner enter into a rich and complex relationship with the subject at hand.If there is little personal, concrete experience with which to connect, those abstractions become inert bits of data.Making meaning of new experiences— and ideas that grow out of them—requires quiet contemplation. By pumping information at children at phenomenal speed, the computer short-circuits that process.“An excess of information may actually crowd out ideas, leaving the mind distracted by sterile, disconnected facts, lost among the shapeless heaps of data.”(social critic Theodore Roszak)(social critic Marshall Mcluhan) schools would have to become “recognized as civil defense against media fallout”Young people sacrificing internal growth for external power.Television and computers generally require nothing more than the passive acceptance of prefabricated images.Outcomes have replaced insights as the yardstick of learning, while standardized tests are replacing human judgments as the means of assessment.Their world is saturated with the artificial, the abstract and the mechanical.So it seems that we are face with a remarkable irony: that in an age of increasing artificiality, children first need to sink their hands deeply into what is real; that in an age of light-speed communication, it is crucial that children take the time to develop their own inner voice; that in an age of incredibly powerful machines www must first teach our children how to use the incredible powers that lie deep within themselves.writing structurea broad spectrum of ideas on … may be found in …the reality has to be taken into account in ant prescription written for the public schooloceans of ink have been spilled addressing the issue of …simply put, …we’ve had a national failure of imagination when it comes to what our schools can and should be. We don’t believe there is anything particularly new to discover in schooling, so, as a society, we don’t set out to find it. Columbus believed. NASA believed. When it comes to schooling, we don’t. For sure, there are pioneers here and there, but our national mindset does not embrace the possibility that our schools could be and should be radically different. Indeed, because “the way school is” was imprinted on all of us with Intel-lke precision by our own 12 years of schooling.My vision of … overlaps with …If I had my druthers, I would also add that …The pendulum has swung from… to…The matter of … remains a major stumbling block in…Nowhere is xx debate raging more fiercely than in New York City.examples abound of …back to the primitive way of contemplation

精彩短评 (总计4条)

  •     读起来非常枯燥，但又是学习英语语言和辩证思维的好书。
  •     思维的sharpener， 不仅锻炼英语，更重要的是培养critical thinking 成为一个更好的人。
  •     贩毒材料。。。。。。。。。。
  •     Get me into this anxiety of not having this kind education and firing desire of self-improvement
 

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