当代商学概论

章节摘录

插图：1．1．1 Business and business activitiesA business，also called a firm or an enterprise，is a legally recogllized organization designed to provide goods and／or services to consumers for profits or for non-profit purposes．Businesses are predominant in market economies，the great majority being privately owned in most parts of die world and formed to increase the wealth of its owners and grow the business itself．Procedures of starting a business vary with countries．In the United States．starung a small business is pretty easy Submit a business plan，change the message on your answering machine，buy a computer, create a website，and you begin to sell your products over t}le telephone．But in some other countries，it may take 6 montns． and there is a required minimum investment：$35，000 in Germany and$60．000 in Republic of Korea．Application procedures used to be extremely complicated in China，and it took a very long time to complete all the procedures，but they have been reduced to the greatest extent，with the standardization of government and regulation．    The Success of a business depends on a wide range of factors．A good business must start with a good vision and a good mission．It must have clear and realistic objectives and goals．It must have its development plans and strategies．It must haye the necessary resources and t11e right ways of using t11ese resources．The success of a business also requires a great deal of hard work，admirable wisdom and great courage on the Dart of Its owners and management teams．A successful business must satisfy customer needs， earn profits，be managed efficiendy,and be socially responsible．

前言

国际商学（International Business Studies）作为一门学科在国外已经有半个多世纪的历史，已经从最初的基于实际需要的实用主义探讨渐变为当今的理论和实践兼具的科学的、规范的和系统的学科专业体系。随着其学科体系的不断完善，社会对其在经济社会发展中的重要性的认识逐步加深，各行各业中国际商学人才供需矛盾的日益凸现以及国际商学院或国际商学系在国外大学的纷纷设立，使得国际商学走向成熟和繁荣具有了坚实的组织基础。近三十年来，国外出版了大量的国际商学研究著作和国际商学专业教材，这又为国际商学理论的发展创造了良好的条件。改革开放前后，为适应对外经贸交流合作对涉外人才的需要，国内一些高校先后开设了涉外专业，国家在不同地区开办了对外贸易学院（或大学），这极大地推动了国内、国际商学理论研究和国际商科的学科建设。近十多年来，无论从理论研究还是从人才培养看，国际商学的发展突飞猛进，国内不少知名大学纷纷成立国际商学院或国际商学系，甚至民办独立学院也开办了国际商学专业。这无疑会促进国际商学的学科建设、理论研究和人才培养。当然，应该看到，国内的国际商学研究仍然存在着不少值得严重关切的问题。例如，学科理论体系和基础尚不健全；理论研究尚处于初探阶段，国际商学内容体系尚未完全成形，人才培养尚缺乏师资支撑，以及国际商学教学尚无配套的优质教材等。“当代商学”（Contemporary Business）在国际商学研究体系中具有举足轻重的地位，这不仅因为它在国际商学研究体系中处于基础地位，还因为它在国际商学研究体系中处于核心地位。“当代商学”是国际商学的“先导”和“入场券”。正因为如此，国外出版了大量的国际商学基础研究著作和形式多样的当代商学教材。据不完全统计，仅在美国出版的当代商学教材就多达八十余种，有关当代商学研究的著作则难计其数。然而，纵观目前国内图书市场，国际商学研究不仅为数不多，而且基本上都是用汉语写成，而种类繁多的国际商务英语图书，从商务英语阅读到写作与函电，从商务英语听力到会话与谈判，再到商务英语手册与辞典，基本注重国际商务实务，对国际商学理论一般都不涉及，难以与国外对接。从国外引进的国际商学理论著作和教材又存在语言艰深、}肖化困难、价格昂贵、与国情脱节等问题。于是，国际商学和国际商务英语学习者，尤其是大专院校本科生、研究生以及具有相当英语水平的社会人士陷于这样一种尴尬的境地：他们掌握了一定的英语语言技能，也掌握一些国际贸易实务技能，但希望能够借助已有的英语知识和能力更加全面地掌握国际商学理论知识，了解国际商学研究的前沿动态，进一步提高自己的国际商学理论素养甚至英语水平，解决实际工作中遇到的问题。令人遗憾的是，这样一部用英语撰写的国际商学理论著作或教材在国内市场难觅其踪迹。

书籍目录

Chapter 1  Contemporary Business: Some Basic Concepts1.1 Foundation of Contemporary Business1.1.1 Business and business activities1.1.2 Business and business people1.2 Economic Forces Affecting Business1.2.1 Competition1.2.2 Supply and demand1.3 The Business Environment1.3.1 The socio-cultural environment1.3.2 The economic environment1.3.3 The political environment1.3.4 The technological environment1.3.5 The competitive environment1.3.6 The physical environment1.3.7 The global business environment 1.4 How Government Affects Business ActivitiesChapter 2 Sole Proprietorship and Partnership2.1 Aspects of Small Businesses2.1.1 Some basic facts about small businesses2.1.2 Get prepared to leap into your business2.1.3 Three common ways of establishing a small business2.1.4 Small business operations and management2.1.5 Contributions of small business to the society2.2 Entrepreneurs and Entrepreneurship2.2.1 Entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial teams2.2.2 Entrepreneurial characteristics: personal qualities of an entrepreneur 2.3 Sole Proprietorship2.3.1 Advantages of sole proprietorship2.3.2 Disadvantages of sole proprietorship2.4 Partnership2.4.1 Major types of partnership2.4.2 Steps of establishing a partnership2.4.3 Elements of a good partnership agreement2.4.4 Advantages and disadvantages of partnershipChapter 3 Corporation Start-up and Expansion3.1 Basic Aspects of Corporations3.1.1 Corporations and their common characteristics3.1.2 Classification of corporations3,1.3 Major types of corporations in the US3.1.4 Other types of corporations3.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of General Corporations3.2.1 Advantages of general corporations3.2.2 Disadvantages of general corporations3.3 The Establishment and Corporate Structure of a Corporation3.3.1 Steps of launching a corporation3.3.2 Corporate structure3.4 Mergers and Acquisitions3.4.1 How mergers occur3.4.2 Current trends in mergers and acquisitions3.5 Other Types of Business Organization3.5.1 Syndicates and technical partnerships3.5.2 Cooperatives3.5.3 FranchisesChapter 4 Social Responsibility and Business Behavior4．1 Corporate Social Responsibility and Its Importance4．7．7 Defining corporate social responsibility 4．7．2 The importance of CSR to business and society 4．2 Personal and Organizational Ethics4．2．7 Ethical behavior begins with personal morals 4．2．2 Organizational ethics begins with top management 4．2．3 Legality is only the first and final ethical desideratum 4．3  Ethical Behavior and Corporate Decisions4．3．7 Identify the nature of ethics and ethical issues 4．3．2 Ethical dilemmas and ethical lapses 4．3．3 Basic approaches to ethical decision making 4．3．4 Steps of making sound ethical decisions 4．4 Management of Corporate Social Responsibility4．4．7 Factors affecting corporate social responsibility management 4．4．2 Setting corporate ethical standards 4．4．3 Social accounting and auditing 4．5 Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility4．5．7 Assessing your CSR situation 4．5．2 Designing your CSR strategies 4．5．3 Clarifying your CSR commitments 4．5．4 Implementing your CSR programs 4．5．5 Checking CSR progress and evaluating performance Chapter 5 International Trade and Global Markets5．1 International Trade and Reasons for International Trade5．7．7 Defining international trade 5．1．2 Reasons for international trade 5．1．3 Possible benefits of international trade 5．2 Forms of International Business Activity5．2．7 Importing and exporting 5．2．2 International licensing 5．2．3 International franchising 5．2．4 International strategic alliances and joint ventures 5．2．5 Running wholly-owned facilities 5．3 Multinational Corporations5．3．7 Defining multinational corporations 5．3．2 Advantages of multinational corporations 5．3．3 Disadvantages of multinational corporations 5．4 International Trade Balance and Finance5．4．7 Balance of trade 905．4．2 Trade deficits and surpluses 5．4．3 Balance of payments 5．4．4 Exchange rates 5．4．5  International trade finance 5．5 Barriers to International Trade5．5．1 Tar5．5．2 Quota 5．5．3 Subsidies 5．5．4”Voluntary”export restraint 5．5．5 Exchange controls and export controls5．5．6 Embargoes 5．5．7 Unfair trade practices 5．6 Trade Agreements，Organizations and Blocs5．6．7 The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the World Trade Organization 5．6．2 Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation 5．6．3 Other malor international trading blocs 5．6．4 Unilateral trade privileges 985．6．5 International trade finance and organizations ……Chapter 6 Management Fundamentals and PlanningChapter 7 Organizing and Organizational DesignChapter 8 Staffing and Human Resources ManagementChapter 9 Leading and Organizational CommunicationChapter 10 Controlling and Quality ManagementChapter 11 Manufacturing and Service Operations ManagementChapter 12 Marketing and Consumer NetworksReferences

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《当代商学概论(英文版)》是由高等教育出版社出版的。

作者简介

《当代商学概论(英文版)》内容简介：国际商学（International Business Studies）作为一门学科在国外已经有半个多世纪的历史，已经从最初的基于实际需要的实用主义探讨渐变为当今的理论和实践兼具的科学的、规范的和系统的学科专业体系。随着其学科体系的不断完善，社会对其在经济社会发展中的重要性的认识逐步加深，各行各业中国际商学人才供需矛盾的日益凸现以及国际商学院或国际商学系在国外大学的纷纷设立，使得国际商学走向成熟和繁荣具有了坚实的组织基础。近三十年来，国外出版了大量的国际商学研究著作和国际商学专业教材，这又为国际商学理论的发展创造了良好的条件。

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