Deadly Dreams（鸩梦）

书籍目录

Cover 1

Title 7

Copyright 8

Dedication 9

Contents 11

List of Tables 13

List of Figures 17

Poem by the late Mr Qin Esheng 19

Foreword by Professor Wang Gungwu 21

Foreword by Professor C. A. Bayly 23

Preface 25

I The confusion of imperialism 33

1 An attempt to peel the onion of confusion 35

I. The confusing events 35

II. The bewildering issues 40

III. Current scholarship 44

IV. The search for information 48

V. Technology and imperial decision making 54

VI. My approach 56

VII. Economic causation versus strategic interpretation 60

VIII. Contrasts with established views 63

IX. In sum 71

II The pretext for imperialism 73

2 An international incident: 'That wretched question of the Arrow 75

I. The history of the arrow 75

II. How the evidence of both sides was taken 77

III. An assessment of the evidence on both sides 82

IV. Why give false evidence? 88

V. The law lords: was the british flag flying? 92

VI. In sum 94

III The personalities of imperialism 99

3 Harry Parkes: 'If you would read a little international law.' 101

I. Introduction 101

II. Parkes's manipulation of bowring 102

III. Escalating demands 106

IV. Leading the royal navy on 107

V. The house of lords on parkes's conduct 112

VI. In sum 114

4 Sir John Bowring: Possessed by a monomania 116

I. Why was bowring led on by his young consul? 116

II. The arrow incident and the canton city question 119

III. The canton city question and an undeclared war 127

IV. The tables turned 129

V. The house of lords on bowring's conduct 135

VI. The canton city question in the eyes of their lordships 137

VII. In sum 140

5 Commissioner Yeh: A 'monster'? 141

I. Introduction 141

II. Yell's handling of the arrow incident 143

III. The canton city question: the early phase 146

IV. The canton city question: the diplomatic coup of 1849 150

V. The canton city question: the trojan horse 153

VI. A real monster? 159

6 Rule, Britannia and vox populi, vox Dei 160

I. Introduction 160

II. Popular xenophobia or protonationalism? 160

III. Patriotism or sedition? 164

IV. Popular xenophobia? civis romanus sum 166

V. Official xenophobia? rule britannia 172

VI. In sum 180

IV The rhetoric of imperialism 183

7 Marx, Punch, and a political press: The debate among the British newspapers 185

I. Peace or war: the times 185

II. The tirade against yeh: the morning post 188

III. The eulogies for yeh: the daily news et al. 191

IV. 'About the english of it: punch 193

V. Marx on the arrow quarrel: the new york daily tribune 197

VI. A political press 199

VII. In sum: no watergate 205

8 The Arrow incident and international law: The debate in the House of Lords 206

I. Was an insult intended? 207

II. Was the arrow entitled to fly the british flag ? 209

III. The expiry of the arrow's regist 213

IV. British legal arguments and chinese perceptions of the origins of the war: an assessment 215

V. Justice and humanity 217

VI. The china trade 220

VII. An unavoidable subject: opium 221

VIII. In sum 223

9 Triumph of the liberal conscience: The debate in the House of Commons 225

I. What were the motives behind the pretext for war? 225

II. 'We have been insulted' 228

III. 'Let the punishment fit the crime' 230

IV. Jingoism 232

V. The defence of bowring 235

VI. Technicalities and generalities 236

VII. The china trade 239

VIII. The opium trade 241

IX. The penal dissolution 243

X. 'As if I had been in a jury-box' 244

XI. In sum 246

10 'Johnny' is on his knees: The 'Chinese Election' 248

I. George cruikshank wields his pen 248

II. Company men close ranks 250

III. A cat among the pigeons 255

TV. The wicked must be punished 258

V. The firebrand flares up 261

VI. Mind your language 264

VII. Long live palmerston 267

VIII. Down with the 'chinese coalition' 270

IX. 'Johnny' is on his knees 272

X. The raging 'jesuit' 279

XI. The 'peacemonger' takes refuge in huddersfield 280

XII. A parliament of 'nobodies' 282

XIII. Election postmortem 284

V The mechanics of imperialism 291

11 Behind the scenes: The diplomacy of imperialism 293

I. Business as usual 293

II. Treaty revision 294

III. Seeking french allies: trade and treaty revision 298

IV. Seeking U.S. allies: trade and freedom of opinion 304

V. Seeking russian allies: trade and territorial expansion 308

VI. More questions 312

12 Behind the scenes: The politics of imperialism 315

I. Commercial interests 315

II. The liberal conscience 324

III. Party politics 329

IV. Behind parliamentary rhetoric 332

V. A political sacrifice 334

VI. Argumentum baculinum 338

13 In the wings: The lobbies of imperialism 342

I. Commercial expansion 342

II. Territorial expansion 344

III. Colonial expansion 348

IV. Missionary expansion 351

V. The anti-opium lobby: a motion withdrawn 354

VI. Questions unanswered 360

VI The economics of imperialism 363

14 Anglo-Chinese trade: The Chinese should buy more 365

I. Export of british manufactures to china 365

II. The apparent british trade imbalance with china 367

III. British imports from china 369

IV. China's place in the united kingdom's imports globally 371

V. British import duty on chinese tea 375

VI. The importance of tea duty compared with the united kingdom's other sources of revenue 378

VII. Tea duty could almost sustain the royal navy 381

VIII. China: the major supplier of tea 385

IX. Imports of chinese silk 390

X. In sum 394

15 China's maritime trade: The Chinese could buy more 395

I. Introduction 395

II. Re-exports of foreign and colonial manufactures to china direct from the united kingdom 396

III. China also bought british Indian products 399

IV. Total 'british' exports to china 399

V. British trade surplus with china 401

IV. Quantifying the drain of silver from china 404

V. Bills of exchange from china 404

VIII. Verifying the triangular trade perception 406

IX. Evaluating 'free-trade imperialism 410

16 The problem of India: The Chinese should and could buy more 416

I. A debt-ridden india 416

II. Opium revenue serviced the growing india debt 420

III. Opium revenue in bengal 420

IV. Opium revenue in bombay 424

V. The place of opium in india's revenues 426

VI. Nearly all the opium went to china 429

VII. Opium, tea, silk, and the united kingdom's global trade balance 436

VIII. The role of chinese silver bullion in the Indian economy 440

IX. What if opium were suppressed in china? 443

X. Further assessment of 'free-trade imperialism' 446

XI. Control of the opium market in china 447

XII. Justifying the annexation of sind 450

XIII. Free trade versus imperial interests 455

XIV. 'Expansion by poison' and other interpretations 460

17 The balance sheet: The Chinese are now buying more 464

I. Imports: tea 464

II. Imports: raw silk 466

III. British exports 471

IV. Exports: war materials 482

V. In sum 483

VII The dynamics of imperialism 485

18 Conclusion 487

I. The confusion of imperialism 487

II. The pretext for imperialism 489

III. The personalities of imperialism 491

IV. The rhetoric of imperialism 493

V. The mechanics of imperialism 495

VI. The economics of imperialism 496

VII. Ascertaining the origins of the arrow war 497

VIII. Reassessing some entrenched interpretations 500

IX. The wider picture: some theories on the working of imperialism 502

X. The wider picture: some theories on the working of chinese foreign policy 508

XI. The still wider perspective: the rise and fall of great powers 512

Chronology of major events 517

Word list 520

Abbreviations 524

Bibliography 525

Index 55

作者简介

Many have accepted that the Arrow War (1856-60) was caused by an insult to the British flag belonging to the pirate boat Arrow. Dr. Wong argues that Britain's reliance on the opium trade with China played a far greater role in pushing the diplomatic conflict into war. The war was not a simple diplomatic squabble: it involved vital economic interests in British India, which had to be protected at all costs. Dr. Wong offers penetrating insights into theories of imperialism and how they might be reassessed.

• New interpretations of Chinese foreign policy and of British expansion in the nineteenth century; new interpretation of annexation of Sind in India • Revisionist take on the ‘imperialism of free trade’ theory • New light on British, Indian, and Chinese economy, mid-nineteenth century

Contents

Part I. The Confusion of Imperialism: 1. An attempt to peel the onion of confusion; Part II. The Pretext for Imperialism: 2. An international incident: 'that wretched question of the Arrow'; Part III. The Personalities of Imperialism: 3. Harry Parkes: 'if you would read a little international law.' - Punch; 4. Sir John Bowring: possessed by a monomania; 5. Commissioner Yeh: a 'monster'?; 6. Rule, Britannia and vox populi, vox Dei; Part IV. The Rhetoric of Imperialism: 7. Marx, Punch, and a political press: the debate among the British newspapers; 8. The Arrow incident and international law: the debate in the House of Lords; 9. Triumph of the liberal conscience: the debate in the House of Commons; 10. 'Johnny is on his knees': the 'Chinese Election'; Part V. The Mechanics of Imperialism: 11. Behind the scenes: the diplomacy of imperialism; 12. Behind the scenes: the politics of imperialism; 13. In the wings: the lobbies of imperialism; Part VI. The Economics of Imperialism: 14. Anglo-Chinese trade: the Chinese should buy more; 15. China's maritime trade: the Chinese could buy more; 16. The problem of India: the Chinese should and could buy more; 17. The balance sheet: the Chinese are now buying more; Part VII. The Dynamics of Imperialism: 18. Conclusion.

Reviews

‘… an exhaustively researched and thoroughly documented study that unravels British and Chinese intentions, perceptions, and reactions, their diplomatic and economic agendas, the impact of personalities, popular opinion, and (in the case of Britain) the press, as well as the roles which other powers played. Deadly Dreams should be required reading for historians of modern China, modern imperialism, and modern India.’ Economic History Review

‘The book is a tour de force of evidence and argument … Wong’s book has without doubt, now become the standard work on the Arrow war and will certainly become mandatory reading for students of Chinese and British imperial history … this excellent study is indispensable to all future research on Ottoman economic history.’ Journal of Asiatic Studies

‘Wong’s Deadly Dreams is a masterly piece of research which will set standards for years to come. Wong offers what could be described as an updated version of histoire totale, which starts from the evenementielle and moves towards the larger structures of the global economy. Wong’s book is in some respects reminiscent of Braudel’s Mediterranean, with its exciting mixture of in-depth study of the ‘world system’ of the British empire, and detective-like attention for individuals and details.’ The Historical Journal

‘J. Y. Wong, in this excellent account that left no record unturned, has come out with the clearest statement on why, all said, that war might yet be simply described as the result of opium trading.’ Journal of Oriental Studies

‘Wong’s monumental study and the industry over many years it represents must command respect. it is unlikely that anyone will produce a more comprehensive investigation of the Arrow War or trawl so painstakingly through the awesome mass of sources.’ Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History

"Everyone who wants to understand the connection between internal politics, diplomacy, strategy and economics should read this book." Military Review

 Deadly Dreams（鸩梦）下载