英语国家概况

章节摘录

　　Most American young people live independently after marriage. Accordingto statistics, in the early 1970s, only 1.5 percent of all married couples were notliving on their own. Most newly married couples set up their own householdimmediately and begin to make plans for the future. Most married couplespractise some kind of birth control. They plan the number of children theyare going to have and the time when their children will be born. In moststates, birth control information is easily available and the birth rate has beendeclining steadily in recent years.　　c. The gap between the poor and the rich is striking. In American society,equality is greatly advocated. However, social equality has never been realized.When we say equality in economy, we mean the equality of opportunity intheory. Ideally, each has as good a chance as everyone else of achieving wealthby his own efforts; everyone is independent, and free to choose his ownposition in society. But this is not always true. The son of a banker may findit easier to be successful for several reasons. Therefore, equality doesnt meanall Americans are equal economically. The difference between the rich and thepoor is great because of the social system.

前言

　　《英语国家概况》AN INTRODUCTION TO THE ENGLISH-SPEAKINGCOUNTPIES是一部全国师范院校英语专业教材，也适用于独立院校英语专业本科学生。《英语国家概况》是在1999年受教育部师范司委托组织编写的全国英语教材基础上，根据全国师范院校及独立院校英语专业本科实际情况而编写的一部全国性教材。本书概括起来有以下三个特色：一是经过在北京市、上海市、吉林省、辽宁省和黑龙江省等地的教学调研，结合师范院校、独立院校学生特点，遵循由易至难的教学基本规律编写而成。本书不把生词较多的地理部分作为第一章，而是从大家熟悉的社会生活开始。循序渐进地进行阐述。以提高学生对该课程的兴趣。二是通过内容对照的方式编写本教材，这样可减少一些重复，还可以让学生进行对比、参照和评介。三是强调通俗易懂，设计了READ THE NOTES；强调英语的知识性和技能性，设计了HAVE A DICTATION这一传统但又实用的学习环节；强调分析和评介能力，设计了ANSWER THE QUESTIONS这一练习。我们还提供相关的网站地址，以便学生从网站获取较新的信息。　　“英语国家概况”是教育部规定的一门英语专业必修课程，目的是帮助英语专业学生、非英语专业学生、自学考试学生和英语爱好者了解英语国家的基本情况。本教材主要介绍美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰和印度的社会生活、科学技术、经济概况、文化教育、地理概貌、历史背景、政治制度、外交关系、假日旅游等方面的基本知识，使学生了解一些主要的讲英语国家的生活方式、价值观念和思维方式，更好地掌握和使用英语语言，加深对语言、文化和文学的理解，增强对文化差异的敏感性，提高分析和评介能力，达到巩固英语水平、扩大知识面、训练英语技能、提高认知能力之目的。

书籍目录

CHAPTER1AMERICANANDBRITISHSOCIALLIFE1.1 AmericanSocialLife1.2 BritishSocialLifeCHAPTER2AMERICANANDBRITISHEDUCATION2.1 ABriefOutlineofAmericanandBritishEducationalSystems2.2 PrimaryandSecondaryEducation2.3 HigherEducationCHAPTER3AMERICANANDBRITISHMEDIA3.1 TheAmericanPressandNewsAgencies3.2 TheBritishPressandNewsAgencies3.3 AmericanBroadcasting3.4 BritishBroadcastingCHAPTER4AMERICANANDBRITISHTRADITIONSANDCUSTOMS4.1 UncleSam4.2 TheAmericanSpiritof"Do-It-Yourself"4.3 Thanksgiving4.4 TheSelf-MadeMan4.5 JohnBull4.6 TalkingAbouttheWeather4.7 ThreeRoyalTraditions4.8 Three"Don'ts"4.9 LoveofPrivacy4.1 0HalloweenCHAPTER5AMERICANANDBRITISHSPORTS5.1 AmericanSports5.2 BritishSportsCHAPTER6AMERICANANDBRITISHANTHEMSANDFLAGS6.1 TheStar-SpangledBanner6.2 GodSavetheQueen(orKing)6.3 TheStarsandStripes6.4 UnionJackCHAPTER7AMERICANANDBRITISHFOREIGNRELATIONS7.1 AmericanForeignRelations7.2 BritishForeignRelationsCHAPTER8AMERICANANDBRITISHRELIGION8.1 AmericanReligion8.2 BritishReligionCHAPTER9AMERICANANDBRITISHECONOMY9.1 FeaturesoftheAmericanEconomy9.2 FeaturesoftheBritishEconomy9.3 AmericanIndustry9.4 BritishIndustry9.5 AmericanAgriculture9.6 BritishAgriculture9.7 AmericanTradeandFinance9.8 BritishTradeandFinanceCHAPTER10AMERICANANDBRITISHSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY10.1 AmericanScienceandTechnology10.2 BritishScienceandTechnologyCHAPTER11AMERICANANDBRITISHGEOGRAPHY11.1 AmericanandBritishLocations11.2 TheAmericanGeography11.3 TheAmericanRiversandMountains11.4 TheBritishGeography11.5 TheBritishRiversandMountainsCHAPTER12AMERICANANDBRITISHPOPULATIONANDMAJORCITIES12.1 AmericanPopulation12.2 BritishPopulation12.3 AmericanandBritishMajorCitiesCHAPTER13EARLYAMERICANANDBRITISHHISTORY13.1 EarlyAmericanHistory13.2 EarlyBritishHistoryCHAPTER14AMERICANANDBRITISHSIGNIFICANTEVENTSBEFORETHEENDOFWORLDWARⅡ14.1 TheAmericanSignificantEventsBeforeWorldWarⅠ14.2 TheBritishSignificantEventsBeforeWorldWarⅠ14.3 TheUSAandtheUKinWorldWarⅠ14.4 TheGreatDepressionandRoosevelt's"NewDeal"14.5 TheUSAandtheUKinWorldWarⅡCHAPTER15CONTEMPORARYUSAANDUK15.1 ContemporaryAmericanHistory15.2 ContemporaryBritishHistoryCHAPTER16AMERICANANDBRITISHPOLITICALSYSTEMS16.1 AmericanFederalSystem16.2 BritishPoliticalSystem16.3 TheAmericanCongress16.4 TheBritishParliament16.5 TheFederalAdministration16.6 TheRoyalGovernment16.7 TheAmericanSupremeCourt16.8 TheBritishJudicialBodyCHAPTER17AMERICANANDBRITISHPOLITICALPARTIESANDELECTIONS17.1 ThePoliticalPartiesintheUSA17.2 ThePoliticalPartiesintheUK17.3 TheElectionsintheUSA17.4 TheElectionsintheUKCHAPTER18AMERICANANDBRITISHHOLIDAYSANDTOURISM18.1 AmericanHolidays18.2 BritishHolidays18.3 AmericanTourism18.4 BritishTourismAPPENDIXⅠ THEFIFTYSTATESOFTHEUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICAAPPENDIXⅡ THEPRESIDENTSOFTHEUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICAAPPENDIXⅢ MAJOREVENTSINAMERICANHISTORYAPPENDIXⅣ THECOUNTIESOFTHEUNITEDKINGDOMOFGREATBRITAINANDNORTHERNIRELANDAPPENDIXⅤ THEPRIMEMINISTERSOFTHEUNITEDKINGDOMOFGREATBRITAINANDNORTHERNIRELANDAPPENDIXⅥ MAJOREVENTSINBRITISHHISTORYAPPENDIXⅦ REFERENCES

编辑推荐

《英语国家概况(上美国和英国概况)》:“英语国家概况”是教育部规定的一门英语专业必修课程，目的是帮助英语专业学生、非英语专业学生、自学考试学生和英语爱好者了解英语国家的基本情况。本教材主要介绍美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰和印度的社会生活、科学技术、经济概况、文化教育、地理概貌、历史背景、政治制度、外交关系、假日旅游等方面的基本知识，使学生了解一些主要的讲英语国家的生活方式、价值观念和思维方式，更好地掌握和使用英语语言，加深对语言、文化和文学的理解，增强对文化差异的敏感性，提高分析和评介能力，达到巩固英语水平、扩大知识面、训练英语技能、提高认知能力之目的。

作者简介

《英语国家概况(上美国和英国概况)》介绍了:本教材分为上、下两册，上册是美国和英国概况，下册是加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰和印度概况。每册十八章，英语专业学生每周平均学两学时，可供两个学期使用；也可以用作非英语专业或业余学习，每周平均用二至三学时学习一章。由于每章的内容多少不尽相同，教师可根据情况酌情处理。

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