晉史蠡探

内容概要

李隆獻：國立臺灣大學中國文學系學士、碩士、博士；指導教授為張以仁先生。現任國立臺灣大學中國文學系教授兼系主任；曾任臺大中文系助教、講師、副教授。研究專長為經學、史學、敘事學、禮俗、文化與現代小說。著有《晉文公復國定霸考》、《晉史蠡探──以兵制與人事為重心》、《經學通論（修訂本）》（合著）、《群經概說》（合著）、《漢族成年禮及其相關問題研究》（合著）等，及學術論文數十篇。近年研究論題聚焦於兩方面：一為「傳統復仇觀的省察與詮釋」，撰有論文十餘篇；一為「先秦歷史敘事的省察與詮釋」，撰有論文數篇。

书籍目录

緒 言············································································ 1

上編：兵制篇

第一章 兵制述略······················································ 17

弁 言······································································· 17

第一節 晉兵制之演變············································ 17

壹、引論：《周禮》之言兵制···························· 17

貳、一軍而二軍················································ 23

參、二軍而三軍················································ 27

肆、三行與五軍················································ 28

伍、五軍而三軍················································ 29

陸、三軍而六軍················································ 31

柒、六軍而四軍················································ 34

捌、四軍復三軍················································ 36

第二節 各軍地位之高低········································· 40

壹、二軍地位之高低········································· 40

貳、三軍地位之高低········································· 46

參、新軍之地位················································ 48

第二章 州兵蠡探······················································ 49

弁 言······································································· 49

第一節 引論：作州兵之背景································· 49

第二節 「州」字探義············································ 56

第三節 「兵」字探義············································ 60

第四節 「州兵」舊說商兌····································· 64

第五節 「州兵」隅論············································ 70

第三章 三行蠡探······················································ 75

弁 言······································································· 75

第一節 七輿大夫與左、右行································· 76

第二節 三行與三軍之關係····································· 81

第三節 三行之作及其性質····································· 84

第四節 三行之地位················································ 98

第五節 三行之存廢················································ 99

下編：人事篇

第一章 任官與賞罰述論········································· 105

第一節 引 論······················································ 105

第二節 任官原則·················································· 112

壹、祖先有功於國者······································· 112

貳、有特殊才具者··········································· 114

參、賢而能讓者·············································· 116

第三節 賞罰原則·················································· 117

壹、賞之原則·················································· 118

貳、罰之原則·················································· 124

第四節 不當之任用與賞罰··································· 130

壹、不當之任用·············································· 130

貳、不當之賞罰·············································· 137

第二章 將佐考述···················································· 147

第一節 引 論······················································ 147

第二節 將佐之條件與任命··································· 150

壹、將佐之條件·············································· 150

貳、將佐之身分與任命··································· 158

第三節 將佐地位之高低······································· 162

第四節 將佐之更替及其與國勢之關係················ 165

壹、獻公至襄公·············································· 165

貳、靈公至厲公·············································· 173

參、悼公以後·················································· 181

第三章 國政述論···················································· 199

弁 言····································································· 199

第一節 國政之意涵與異稱··································· 200

第二節 國政之身分與職權··································· 207

壹、國政之身分·············································· 207

貳、國政之職權·············································· 209

第三節 國政與國勢·············································· 212

壹、作三軍前之國政······································· 212

貳、郤縠至趙盾·············································· 215

參、郤缺至欒書·············································· 225

肆、欒書以後之國政······································· 232

結 論········································································ 243

附錄：晉史繫年························································ 253

引用及主要參考書目················································ 297

作者简介

本論文以探究春秋時代晉國之興盛衰亡為目標，而以「兵制」與「人事」為重心。除〈緒言〉與〈結論〉外，分上、下二編，每編各三章，共計六章，另有〈附錄〉一篇，都三十萬言。

〈緒言〉：就研究主題、材料運用、研究方法等作概略性敘述。

上編第一章〈兵制述略〉：先述論晉兵制八次變革之情況及其原因與影響，以窺晉國國勢盛衰之轉變；次考晉國各軍間地位之高低，以知其階級層屬。

上編第二章〈州兵蠡探〉：先論作「州兵」之背景，繼考「州」、「兵」在春秋時㈹之意涵；並推考「作州兵」為：將服兵役者之身分由「國中」之「士人」階層降而㉃於「州民」之兵制改革，乃晉國兵源擴增之關鍵。

上編第三章〈三行蠡探〉：探討「三行」與左右行、三軍之關係，以及「三行」之性質、地位、存廢；推定「三行」蓋晉國因長期與戎狄爭戰，為因應實際需要而建置之步兵部隊。

下編第一章〈任官與賞罰述論〉：晉國國勢之強，除其強大之軍力有以致之外，亦與其人才任用之正當與賞罰之公允息息相關。本章先歸納晉國之任官與賞罰原則，次舉其不當之任用與賞罰，而並以史實為證，述論任用與賞罰得當與否與其國勢強弱之緊密關聯，以明晉國興衰之機。

下編第二章〈將佐考述〉：先綜述將、佐將兵之利弊；次考將、佐所須具備之條件與任命之禮；三考各軍將、佐地位之高低，並述論其陞遷情況；末考各軍將、佐之更替，並論其彼此爭鬥與晉國國勢盛衰之關係。

下編第三章〈國政述論〉：先述究「國政」之意涵與異稱；次考國政之身分與職掌；三論國政之更替及其執政期間之行事與國勢之關係，以探究晉國興衰之內在因素。

〈結論〉：略言兵之可恃而不可恃，以明晉因兵威而強盛，亦因窮兵黷武而覆亡；並貫串各章研究所得，略加綜述。

〈附錄：晉史繫年〉：臚列㉂晉之始封㉃覆滅之晉國史事，附以列國大事，以利對晉國歷史實況、制度演變、國勢盛衰、㆟事更替及春秋局勢之了解。

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